. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: Cytokine. 2008 Feb 20;41(3):204–208. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2007.12.008

TABLE 1.

Serum cytokine and chemokine levels in children with cerebral malaria (CM), uncomplicated malaria (UM) and community children (CC).

Cytokine	CM N=77 Median (range), pg/ml	UM N=70 Median (range), pg/ml	CC N=62 Median (range), pg/ml	P^a CM-UM	P^a CM-CC
G-CSF	126 (8 – 18,037)	92 (3 – 11,649)	29 (3 – 161)	NS	<0.0001
IL-1ra	11,891 (161 – 120,669)	6,910 (185 – 102,209)	629 (178 – 14,755)	0.05	<0.0001
IL-1β^b	0 (0 – 1,063)	0 (0 – 5,795)	0 (0)	NS	<0.0001
IL-1ra: IL-1β^c	4,310 (9 – 120,668)	3,343 (18 – 93,569)	629 (178 – 14,755)	NS	<0.0001
IL-8	63 (1 – 9,674)	41 (2 – 1,452)	29 (2 – 358)	0.01	0.008
MCP-1	216 (0 –14,253)	181 (31 – 13,866)	62 (15 – 260)	NS	<0.0001

Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

Previously published.

IL-1ra: IL-1β ratio substitutes a value of 1 pg/ml for all values of IL-1β=0.

NS = not significant (P>0.05).