Figure 2.

Multiple sequence alignment of the first β hairpin motif in the PVA/U34 family and other Ntn hydrolases. The sequence identifiers at left are NCBI gene identification (gi) numbers, followed by the abbreviations of the species names. Each identifier consists of the PDB and chain names and the residue range: (Af) Archaeoglobus fulgidus; (Bt) Bos taurus; (Bs) Bacillus sphaericus; (Bsu) Bacillus subtilis; (Ce) Caenorhabditis elegans; (Dd) Dictyostelium discoideum; (Dm) Drosophila melanogaster; (En) Emericella nidulans; (Hs) Homo sapiens; (Lg) Lactobacillus gasseri; (Lj) Lactobacillus johnsonii; (Ll) Lactococcus lactis; (Lm) Listeria monocytogenes; (Ls) Lactobacillus sakei; (Ma) Methanosarcina acetivorans; (Mm) Mus musculus; (Pc) Penicillium chrysogenum; (Rn) Rattus norvegicus; (Sa) Staphylococcus aureus; (Sg) Streptococcus gordonii; (Sp) Streptococcus pyogenes; (St) Salmonella typhimurium; (Tb) Trypanosoma brucei. Archaeal sequences and eukaryotic sequences are marked in red and green identifiers, respectively. The first residue number and the sequence length of each PVA/U34 homolog are shown. The catalytic cysteine residue, Arg 17 and Asp 20 are highlighted with black background. Positions occupied by mainly hydrophobic residues are shaded in yellow. Positions with mainly small residues (G, A, S, C, T, V, N, D) have these residues shown in blue letters. Two sequences that do not have the catalytic cysteine residues in have the key residues shaded in gray. (A) Representatives of close homologs of U34 family dipeptidases. The arrow next to a sequence indicates putative signal sequence cleavage site (Goldstein et al. 2002). (B) Representatives of close homologs of penicillin V acylases. (C) Two relatively divergent subgroups of the PVA/U34 family. (D) Representative sequences of the 5 Ntn-hydrolase families with known structures.