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Semiquantitative analysis of tubular expression of activated transcription factors (NF-κB and AP-1), IKK-α, and cytokines among comparison groups. (A) Quantification of tubular expression of activated NF-κB and AP-1 and their subunits (NF-κB: p65 and p50; AP-1: c-jun and c-fos). (B) Tubular expression of IKK-α. *p<0.05 vs NC; ap<0.05 vs MCD; #no marker expression is detectable. NC, normal control; MCD, minimal change disease; LN, lupus nephritis.
