Model of possible conformational and functional changes in the IL-4Rα signal transduction related to two common polymorphisms in the I4R motif and the tyrosine (Y) rich region (575–631). The polymorphisms P503 and R576 independently influence STAT6 interactions with IL-4Rα, but only in the presence of both is the IRS pathway altered. (a) Wildtype situation: substrates IRS and STAT6 bind, phosphorylation status normal (P); (b) polymorphism S503P: conformational change, IRS pathway unaltered; STAT6 binding impaired (XXX), phosphorylation of STAT6 reduced; (c) polymorphism Q576R: introduction of a positive charge (+), IRS pathway unaltered; STAT6 binding impaired (XXX), STAT6 phosphorylation reduced; (d) polymorphisms S503P and Q576R: conformational change and positive charge; IRS phosphorylation increased; STAT6 binding impaired (XXX), STAT6 phosphorylation reduced.