TABLE 5.
Associations between ethnic identity formation, perceived discrimination, and witnessing community violence in young adulthood and lifetime intimate partner violence victimization, controlling for eighth grade risk behaviors (n = 550 women)
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (confidence interval) | Odds ratio (confidence interval) | |||||
| A | Physical IPV victimization | Emotional IPV victimization | ||||
| Discrimination | 1.34 (1.17, 1.52)**** | 1.34(1.17,1.53)**** | 1.37 (1.20,1.57)**** | 1.20 (1.05, 1.36)*** | 1.20 (1.05, 1.37)*** | 1.22 (1.07, 1.39)*** |
| Community violence | 1.24 (1.09, 1.42)*** | 1.17 (1.02, 1.35)** | 1.13 (0.98, 1.31)* | 1.30 (1.14, 1.49)**** | 1.29 (1.12, 1.48)**** | 1.26 (1.09, 1.45)*** |
| Ethnic identity | 1.03 (0.90, 1.17) | 1.02 (0.90, 1.17) | 1.07 (0.93, 1.22) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.14) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.14) | 1.03 (0.90, 1.18) |
| Eighth grade aggression | 1.32 (0.88, 2.00) | 1.31 (0.86, 1.98) | 1.01 (0.67, 1.52 | 1.05 (0.69, 1.58) | ||
| Eighth grade alcohol use | 2.14 (1.46, 3.15)**** | 2.26 (1.53, 3.34)**** | 1.03 (0.70, 1.51) | 1.04 (0.71, 1.54) | ||
| Eighth grade lifetime sex | 1.31 (0.83, 2.07) | 1.19 (0.74, 1.90) | 1.43 (0.91, 2.25) | 1.42 (0.89, 2.26) | ||
| Hispanic vs. other | 1.36 (0.83, 2.22) | 1.13 (0.70, 1.84) | ||||
| Age | 1.09 (0.72, 1.62) | 1.08 (0.73, 1.60) | ||||
| Education | 1.68 (1.04, 2.69)** | 1.71 (1.07, 2.73)** | ||||
| Parenting | 1.32 (0.86, 2.04) | 0.78 (0.51, 1.20) | ||||
| B | Physical IPV Perpetration | Emotional IPV Perpetration | ||||
| Discrimination | 1.26 (1.11,1.44)**** | 1.27 (1.11, 1.45)**** | 1.29 (1.13,1.47)**** | 1.24 (1.02, 1.50)** | 1.24 (1.03, 1.50)** | 1.26 (1.04, 1.53)** |
| Community violence | 1.21 (1.06, 1.38)*** | 1.13 (0.98, 1.30)* | 1.08 (0.94, 1.25) | 1.22 (1.00, 1.48)** | 1.14 (0.93, 1.40) | 1.10 (0.90, 1.36) |
| Ethnic Identity | 1.04 (0.91, 1.18) | 1.04 (0.91, 1.19) | 1.09 (0.95, 1.24) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.15) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.15) | 1.02 (0.84, 1.23) |
| Eighth grade aggression | 1.51 (1.01, 2.26)** | 1.54 (1.02, 2.32)** | 1.61 (0.92, 2.84)* | 1.68 (0.95, 2.99)* | ||
| Eighth grade alcohol use | 1.69 (1.15, 2.47)*** | 1.76 (1.20, 2.58)*** | 1.12 (0.64, 1.95) | 1.18 (0.67, 2.08) | ||
| Eighth grade lifetime sex | 1.44 (0.92, 2.25) | 1.34 (0.84, 2.12) | 1.37 (0.74, 2.54) | 1.17 (0.61, 2.23) | ||
| Hispanic vs. other | 0.97 (0.59, 1.59) | 1.04 (0.51, 2.11) | ||||
| Age | 1.09 (0.74, 1.62) | 0.58 (0.31, 1.07)* | ||||
| Education | 1.98 (1.24, 3.17)*** | 3.30 (1.41, 7.73)** | ||||
| Parenting | 1.00 (0.65, 1.53) | 1.14 (0.64, 2.05) | ||||
*p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01, ****p < 0.001