Table 1.

COX-2 Expression and Distribution of Positive Cases in Different Studied Bladder Lesions

Group	COX-2		COX-2 Percentage of +ve Cells Mean ±SD
	Number of Negative Cases	Number of Positive Cases
	No.   %	No.   %
Group I: control (5)	5   100	0   0	0.0 ± 0.0
Group II: chronic cystitis (20)	14   70	6   30*	11.75 ± 5.1
*Nonschistosomal cystitis(7)	6   85.71	1   14.29	4.32 ± 3.15
*Schistosomal cystitis (13)	8   61.5	5   38.5*,†	18.07 ± 7.2b
Group III: Malignant (50)	21   48	29   58‡	36.6 ± 35.04
-TCC (34)	12   35.2	22   64.8‡,§	43.23 ± 6.3a,b
*Nonschistosomal TCC (19)	10   52.6	9   47.4‡	23.42 ± 6.63
*Schistosomal TCC (15)	2   13.3	13   86.7‡,∥	68.33± 7.71a,c,e
-SqCC (16)	9   56.3	7   43.8‡	22.5 ± 6.78d,f

COX-2 = cyclooxygenase-2; TCC = transitional cell carcinoma; SqCC = squamous cell carcinoma

^*Significant increase in number of positive cases compared with control group at P < .05

^†Significant increase in number of positive cases compared with nonschistosomal cystitis at P < .05

^‡Highly significant increase in number of positive cases compared with control group at P < .001

^§Highly significant increase in number of positive cases compared with SqCC at P < .01

^∥Highly significant increase in number of positive cases compared with both nonschistosomal TCC or SqCC P < .01

^aP < .01, compared with control group

^bP < .05

^cP < .01 compared with nonschistosomal cystitis, respectively

^dP < .05

^eP < .01 compared with non-schistosomal-associated TCC, respectively

^fP < .01, compared with schistosomal-associated TCC

^gP < .05 compared with schistosomal cystitis