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. 2008 May;172(5):1195–1208. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.070207

Figure 3.

Figure 3

IL-13 KO mice had increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, histamine, and fibrosis in the heart. A: Levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-18, TGF-β1, and histamine from heart homogenates of IL-13 KO mice (filled bars, n = 12) were significantly higher than in WT BALB/c control mice (open bars, n = 11) at day 21 after infection of EAM as determined by ELISA. Data represent the means of each group, plus SD, and are normalized to wet heart weight. Statistics are by two-tailed Student’s t-test. B: IL-13 KO (filled diamonds) mice had significantly increased caspase-1 activity in splenocytes on day 21 of EAM, compared to WT mice (open diamonds). C: IL-13 KO mice (filled diamonds) develop increased fibrosis on day 30 of EAM compared to WT BALB/c mice (open diamonds). Fibrosis was assessed as the area of the heart section with collagen deposition, which stains bright blue with Masson’s Trichrome stain. Representative hearts with fibrotic changes in an IL-13 KO mouse (D) and WT BALB/c mouse (E) are shown.