Table 1.

[Elements of propulsion matrices and propulsion efficiencies for flagellar models dropped in silicon oil]

L, cm	L/λ	Pitch angle, °	A, cm	B, cm2	D, cm3	ɛmax, %	f, sec−1
5.2	5	55	0.67	0.032	0.076	0.48	89
7.8	5	39	0.71	0.038	0.06	0.78	85
9.4	5	20	0.74	0.018	0.031	0.34	188
3.1	3	55	0.48	0.023	0.053	0.46	62
7.5	7	56	0.91	0.053	0.13	0.54	100

[Test helices (Fig. 5) of length L, wavelength λ, and specified pitch angle were allowed to sink under their own weight in silicon oil (η ≈ 1,000 g⋅cm⁻¹⋅sec⁻¹). The sinking speeds and speeds of rotation were measured, and A, B, and D were determined through Eqs. 20a and 21; their values have been divided by 6πη, so that their dimensions are cm, cm², and cm³, respectively. ɛ_max is the maximal propulsion efficiency expected when the test helix is connected to a sphere of radius A (Eq. 22). f is the motor speed required to drive that sphere 20A⋅sec⁻¹ (Eq. 19).]