Localization of the peptide synthetase genes phsA, phsB, and phsC and the TE genes theA and theB in the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster from S. viridochromogenes Tü494. (A) The 5′ end of phsA containing the sequence of the TE motif is highlighted. pat, phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase gene; pat′, part of the pat gene; dea, deacylase gene; dea′, part of the dea gene; trs, putative transporter gene; trs′, part of the trs gene; and phsA′, part of the phsA gene. The PCR fragments mphsA1, mphsA2, mtheA, and mtheB, which were used for the construction of the mutants MphsA, MtheA, and MtheB, are schematically illustrated. (B) Replacement of 1.7 kb of the phsA gene with the apramycin cassette (apr), resulting in the mutant MphsA. (C) Insertion of the apramycin-ermEp cassette (aprP) within theA and theB, respectively, resulting in the mutants MtheA and MtheB. (D) Replacement of the theA and theB genes with the apramycin-ermEp cassette (aprP), resulting in the mutant Tü494(ΔtheA/theB::aprP).