Table 1. Selected characteristics of cases and controls.
|
Biliary tract cancer (n=267)
|
Biliary stones (n=1037)
|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Controlsa | Controlsb | Gallbladder cancer | Bile duct cancer | Ampulla of Vater cancer | Gallbladder stones | Bile duct stones |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| 959 (100) | 902 (100) | 368 (100) | 191 (100) | 68 (100) | 774 (100) | 263 (100) | |
| Age (years) | |||||||
| <55 | 128 (13.4) | 126 (14.0) | 49 (13.3) | 30 (15.7) | 6 (8.8) | 245 (31.6)* | 62 (23.6)* |
| 55–64 | 269 (28.1) | 259 (28.7) | 96 (26.1) | 47 (24.6) | 20 (29.4) | 218 (28.2) | 80 (30.4) |
| ⩾65 | 562 (58.6) | 517 (57.3) | 223 (60.6) | 114 (59.7) | 42 (61.8) | 311 (40.2) | 121 (46.0) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 373 (38.9) | 357 (39.6) | 99 (26.9)* | 99 (51.8) | 37 (54.4) | 263 (34.0)* | 127 (48.3) |
| Female | 586 (61.1) | 545 (60.4) | 269 (73.1) | 92 (48.2) | 31 (45.6) | 511 (66.0) | 136 (51.7) |
| Education | |||||||
| None/primary | 396 (41.3) | 365 (40.5) | 198 (53.8)* | 86 (45.0) | 29 (42.7) | 221 (28.6)* | 96 (36.5) |
| Jr. middle | 233 (24.3) | 221 (24.5) | 79 (21.5) | 43 (22.5) | 16 (23.5) | 220 (28.4) | 67 (25.5) |
| Sr. middle | 190 (19.8) | 184 (20.4) | 50 (13.6) | 31 (16.2) | 15 (22.1) | 194 (25.1) | 56 (21.3) |
| Some college | 140 (14.6) | 132 (14.6) | 41 (11.1) | 30 (15.7) | 8 (11.8) | 139 (18.0) | 44 (16.7) |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Married | 751 (78.3) | 703 (77.9) | 284 (77.2) | 161 (84.3) | 55 (80.9) | 664 (85.8)* | 220 (83.7) |
| Widowed | 175 (18.3) | 167 (18.5) | 77 (20.9) | 27 (14.1) | 12 (17.7) | 96 (12.4) | 38 (14.5) |
| Divorced/separated | 21 (2.2) | 20 (2.2) | 4 (1.1) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.5) | 7 (1.0) | 2 (0.8) |
| Never married | 12 (1.3) | 12 (1.3) | 3 (0.8) | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (0.8 | 3 (1.1) |
| Smoking (%) | 285 (29.7) | 269 (29.8) | 89 (24.2)* | 76 (39.8)* | 30 (44.1)* | 187 (24.2)* | 96 (36.5) |
| Alcohol use (%) | 198 (20.7) | 186 (20.6) | 52 (14.1)* | 50 (26.2) | 15 (22.1) | 116 (15.0)* | 51 (19.4) |
| Diabetes (%) | 78 (8.1) | 68 (7.5) | 51 (13.9)* | 20 (10.5) | 5 (7.4) | 81 (10.5)* | 30 (11.4)* |
| Hypertension (%) | 406 (42.3) | 376 (41.7) | 138 (37.5) | 61 (31.9)* | 20 (29.4)* | 267 (34.5)* | 75 (28.5)* |
| Body mass index | |||||||
| <18.5 | 79 (8.3) | 78 (8.7) | 17 (4.7)* | 8 (4.2) | 1 (1.5) | 29 (3.7)* | 15 (5.7)* |
| 18.5–22.9 | 404 (42.2) | 390 (43.3) | 130 (35.6) | 86 (45.5) | 29 (42.6) | 259 (33.5) | 91 (34.7) |
| 23.0–24.9 | 197 (20.6) | 184 (20.4) | 73 (20.0) | 49 (25.9) | 15 (22.1) | 197 (25.5) | 62 (23.7) |
| ⩾25.0 | 278 (29.0) | 249 (27.6) | 145 (39.7) | 46 (24.3) | 23 (33.8) | 288 (37.3) | 94 (35.9) |
*χ2 test, P<0.05.
a
Included all population controls. Bile duct cancer and ampulla of Vater cancer were compared with all population controls.
b
Excluded population controls with a history of cholecystectomy (n=55) or unknown history (n=2). Gallbladder cancer cases were compared with this group.