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. 2007 Sep 11;97(7):941–948. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603964

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Copyright © 2007 Cancer Research UK

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Cluster-of-differentiation antigen 9 (CD9) overexpression induces mitotic catastrophe in PC-3 cells. Morphology of PC-3 (untransfected) and CD9-transfected PC-3 cells, photographed under phase-contrast microscope. (A) PC-3 (untransfected) cell morphology showing the presence of rounded, dividing cells at passage 20. (B) Cells with significant morphological changes are shown here for the PC-3CD9-69 clone at passage 1. An arrow indicates a cell with characteristic spindle-like cellular projections. (C) A mixture of prominent enlarged cells and small spindle-shaped cells of PC-3MCD9-16 clone at passage 1. Immunocytochemical staining revealed that all enlarged cells highly express CD9 protein, whereas most small, spindle-shaped cells expressed a very low amount (if any) of CD9. These CD9-negative cells will gradually become the dominant growing population. (D) Picture of an exaggerated enlarged cell with CD9 staining from PC-3CD9-18 at passage 0 (arrowhead). Break down of cytoskeleton is visible in the cell just below it. Most cells have an intense and diffuse CD9-staining pattern, occasionally with punctuate distribution. (Original magnification: A–D, × 100)