Table 3. ORs and corresponding 95% CIs for NHL by presence of anti-HCV in strata of selected matching variables and HIV-transmission category (Swiss HIV Cohort Study, 1984–2004).
|
NHL cases
|
Control subjects
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | (%) | N | (%) | OR (95% CI)a | |
| CD4+ at enrolment (cells μl−1) | |||||
| <100 | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 54 | (76.1) | 152 | (72.7) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 17 | (23.9) | 57 | (27.3) | 1.47 (0.47–4.53) |
| 100–199 | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 23 | (48.9) | 96 | (67.6) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 24 | (51.1) | 46 | (32.4) | 2.04 (0.67–6.20) |
| 200–499 | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 83 | (69.2) | 240 | (67.2) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 37 | (30.8) | 117 | (32.8) | 0.64 (0.26–1.60) |
| ⩾500 | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 38 | (63.3) | 117 | (64.6) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 22 | (36.7) | 64 | (35.4) | 1.06 (0.36–3.15) |
| Test for heterogeneity | χ32=1.49; P=0.68 | ||||
| Age group (years) | |||||
| <30 | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 50 | (60.2) | 136 | (54.6) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 33 | (39.8) | 113 | (45.4) | 0.62 (0.24–1.62) |
| 30–44 | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 82 | (58.2) | 267 | (62.8) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 59 | (41.8) | 158 | (37.2) | 1.04 (0.49–2.21) |
| ⩾45 | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 66 | (89.2) | 202 | (94.0) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 8 | (10.8) | 13 | (6.1) | 2.21 (0.73–6.70) |
| Test for heterogeneity | χ22=1.56; P=0.46 | ||||
| Gender | |||||
| Female | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 26 | (50.0) | 88 | (56.4) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 26 | (50.0) | 68 | (43.6) | 1.07 (0.34–3.31) |
| Male | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 172 | (69.9) | 517 | (70.5) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 74 | (30.1) | 216 | (29.5) | 1.05 (0.59–1.87) |
| Test for heterogeneity | χ12=0.00; P=0.98 | ||||
| HIV-transmission category | |||||
| Intravenous drug users | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 6 | (7.5) | 12 | (5.0) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 74 | (92.5) | 227 | (95.0) | 0.37 (0.11–1.22)c |
| Men having sex with men | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 132 | (90.4) | 341 | (96.1) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 14 | (9.6) | 14 | (3.9) | 2.37 (1.03–5.43)c |
| Heterosexuals and others | |||||
| Anti-HCV− | 60 | (83.3) | 252 | (85.4) | 1b |
| Anti-HCV+ | 12 | (16.7) | 43 | (14.6) | 1.02 (0.44–2.36)c |
| Test for heterogeneity | χ22=3.34; P=0.19 | ||||
anti-HCV=antibodies against hepatitis C virus; HIV=human immunodeficiency virus; NHL=non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; OR=odds ratios; CI=confidence intervals.
a
Estimated from conditional logistic regression analysis, conditioned on centre, gender, age group, and CD4+ count at enrolment and adjusted for HIV-transmission category and year of enrolment;
b
Reference category.
c
Estimated from unconditional logistic regression analysis, adjusted as in footnote a.