Table 4. RGE of APAF-1 and DAPK-1 mRNA in RCC cell lines A498, ClearCa-5, and TCC cell lines RT4, T24 after treatment with PBS, 5-AZA-CdR (2 × 10⁻⁶ M) and zebularine (10⁻⁴ M).

	APAF-1			DAPK-1
	RGE			RGE
Cell line	PBS	5-AZA	ZEB	PBS	5-AZA	ZEB
A498
Median	159	410	139	60	29	58
Mean	164	420	139	60	30	58
STD	24.3	76.7	7.5	2.7	4.4	6.2
P-value*		0.002	0.09		0.0006	0.5
CCa-5
Median	108	163	133	11	19	20
Mean	110	164	135	11	18	20
STD	14.9	10.2	7.3	3.2	10.3	0.7
P-value*		0.003	0.01		0.006	0.007
RT4
Median	66	360	65	3	35	5
Mean	65	358	67	3	36	5
STD	2.1	14.3	7.6	0.7	3.8	1.2
P-value*		0.0001	0.4		0.0002	0.2
T24
Median	188	386	240	0.04	0.5	0.2
Mean	188	386	240	0.04	0.5	0.2
STD	16	5.3	11.1	0.008	0.04	0.01
P-value*		0.0001	0.004		0.0002	0.0001

APAF=apoptotic activating factor protein; DAPK=death-associated protein kinase; PBS=phosphate-buffered saline; RGE=relative gene expression; STD=standard deviation; ZEB=zebularine.

^*=Comparison between PBS-treated and 5-AZA-CdR- or zebularine-treated cells using paired Student's t-test.