Table 1. Adjusted odd ratios for other maternal and infant birth characteristics, acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) and acute monocytic leukaemia (AML) children born in New York State excluding New York City, 1978–2000.
|
Controls
|
ALL (all ages)
|
ALL age 0–4 years
|
ALL age 5–9 years
|
AML (all ages)
|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | (%) | N | (%) | RRa | (95% CI) | N | (%) | RRa | (95% CI) | N | (%) | RRa | (95% CI) | N | (%) | RRa | (95% CI) | |
| Birth weight | ||||||||||||||||||
| <2500 g | 587 | (6.1) | 42 | (4.6) | 0.73 | (0.50, 1.06) | 21 | (3.3) | 0.46 | (0.27, 0.75) | 21 | (7.3) | 1.47 | (0.84, 2.48) | 12 | (7.9) | 1.94 | (0.88, 4.00) |
| 2500–2999 g | 1466 | (15.2) | 107 | (11.7) | 0.77 | (0.61, 0.97) | 81 | (12.9) | 0.85 | (0.64, 1.11) | 26 | (9.1) | 0.59 | (0.37, 0.91) | 26 | (17.1) | 1.77 | (1.04, 2.96) |
| 3000–3499 g | 3496 | (36.2) | 332 | (36.2) | 1 | (reference) | 227 | (36.0) | 1 | (reference) | 105 | (36.7) | 1 | (reference) | 37 | (24.3) | 1 | (reference) |
| 3500–3999 g | 2999 | (31.0) | 313 | (34.2) | 1.07 | (0.91, 1.26) | 210 | (33.3) | 1.06 | (0.86, 1.29) | 103 | (36.0) | 1.11 | (0.84, 1.47) | 51 | (33.6) | 1.59 | (1.03, 2.49) |
| 4000–4499 g | 935 | (9.7) | 101 | (11.0) | 1.10 | (0.86, 1.39) | 77 | (12.2) | 1.22 | (0.92, 1.60) | 24 | (8.4) | 0.85 | (0.53, 1.32) | 18 | (11.8) | 1.90 | (1.04, 3.36) |
| 4500+ g | 184 | (1.9) | 21 | (2.3) | 1.10 | (0.67, 1.73) | 14 | (2.2) | 1.05 | (0.57, 1.78) | 7 | (2.4) | 1.26 | (0.52, 2.57) | 8 | (5.3) | 3.89 | (1.63, 8.26) |
| Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 5069 | (52.4) | 520 | (56.8) | 1.18 | (1.02, 1.36) | 366 | (58.1) | 1.23 | (1.04, 1.46) | 154 | (53.8) | 1.07 | (0.84, 1.37) | 84 | (54.9) | 1.14 | (0.82, 1.60) |
| Female | 4603 | (47.6) | 396 | (43.2) | 1 | (reference) | 264 | (41.9) | 1 | (reference) | 132 | (46.2) | 1 | (reference) | 69 | (45.1) | 1 | (reference) |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
| White non-Hispanic | 7326 | (75.9) | 746 | (81.8) | 1 | (reference) | 508 | (80.9) | 1 | (reference) | 238 | (83.8) | 1 | (reference) | 118 | (76.6) | 1 | (reference) |
| Black | 641 | (6.6) | 33 | (3.6) | 0.51 | (0.35, 0.72) | 23 | (3.7) | 0.51 | (0.32, 0.77) | 10 | (3.5) | 0.51 | (0.25, 0.92) | 13 | (8.4) | 0.94 | (0.47, 1.71) |
| Hispanic | 1284 | (13.3) | 92 | (10.1) | 0.78 | (0.61, 0.98) | 68 | (10.8) | 0.89 | (0.67, 1.16) | 24 | (8.5) | 0.58 | (0.37, 0.89) | 19 | (12.3) | 0.97 | (0.56, 1.57) |
| Other | 403 | (4.2) | 41 | (4.5) | 0.90 | (0.63, 1.26) | 29 | (4.6) | 0.87 | (0.57, 1.29) | 12 | (4.2) | 0.98 | (0.50, 1.74) | 4 | (2.6) | 0.46 | (0.14, 1.13) |
| Gestational age | ||||||||||||||||||
| <35 weeks | 304 | (3.2) | 27 | (3.0) | 1.23 | (0.77, 1.89) | 21 | (3.4) | 1.72 | (1.01, 2.80) | 6 | (2.1) | 0.59 | (0.22, 1.34) | 5 | (3.3) | 0.85 | (0.28, 2.15) |
| 35–37 weeks | 830 | (8.8) | 82 | (9.0) | 1.18 | (0.90, 1.51) | 56 | (8.9) | 1.22 | (0.89, 1.63) | 26 | (9.2) | 1.09 | (0.68, 1.68) | 16 | (10.6) | 1.06 | (0.57, 1.85) |
| 38–41 weeks | 6505 | (68.9) | 628 | (68.9) | 1 | (reference) | 432 | (68.8) | 1 | (reference) | 196 | (69.0) | 1 | (reference) | 101 | (66.9) | 1 | (reference) |
| 42+ weeks | 1801 | (19.1) | 156 | (17.1) | 0.95 | (0.78, 1.14) | 104 | (16.6) | 0.95 | (0.75, 1.82) | 52 | (18.3) | 0.94 | (0.68, 1.28) | 29 | (19.2) | 1.01 | (0.64, 1.55) |
| Pregnancy weight gain (1988–2001 births only) | ||||||||||||||||||
| <8.6 kg | 511 | (13.2) | 60 | (12.8) | 1.31 | (0.90, 1.91) | 43 | (12.5) | 1.21 | (0.78, 1.87) | 17 | (13.9) | 1.59 | (0.78, 3.28) | 19 | (19.4) | 1.45 | (0.73, 2.90) |
| 9.1–11.3 kg | 696 | (18.0) | 65 | (13.9) | 1 | (reference) | 49 | (14.2) | 1 | (reference) | 16 | (13.1) | 1 | (reference) | 18 | (18.4) | 1 | (reference) |
| 11.8–13.6 kg | 749 | (19.4) | 83 | (17.8) | 1.12 | (0.79, 1.59) | 64 | (18.6) | 1.12 | (0.75, 1.67) | 19 | (15.6) | 1.11 | (0.56, 2.21) | 17 | (17.3) | 0.90 | (0.44, 1.84) |
| 14.1–18.1 kg | 1138 | (29.5) | 158 | (33.8) | 1.42 | (1.04, 1.94) | 113 | (32.8) | 1.30 | (0.92, 1.87) | 45 | (36.9) | 1.80 | (1.02, 3.34) | 25 | (25.5) | 0.88 | (0.47, 1.71) |
| 18.6+ kg | 766 | (19.8) | 101 | (21.6) | 1.38 | (0.99, 1.94) | 76 | (22.0) | 1.35 | (0.92, 2.00) | 25 | (20.5) | 1.45 | (0.76, 2.82) | 19 | (19.4) | 0.83 | (0.41, 1.68) |
| Prepregnancy weight (1988–2001 births only) | ||||||||||||||||||
| <56 kg | 1102 | (28.0) | 119 | (25.2) | 1 | (reference) | 80 | (22.8) | 1 | (reference) | 39 | (32.2) | 1 | (reference) | 20 | (20.0) | 1 | (reference) |
| 56–67 kg | 1539 | (39.1) | 183 | (38.8) | 1.05 | (0.82, 1.35) | 136 | (38.7) | 1.15 | (0.86, 1.55) | 47 | (38.8) | 0.86 | (0.55, 1.34) | 42 | (42.0) | 1.54 | (0.89, 2.75) |
| 68–79 kg | 775 | (19.7) | 99 | (21.0) | 1.18 | (0.88, 1.58) | 74 | (21.1) | 1.30 | (0.92, 1.83) | 25 | (20.7) | 0.95 | (0.56, 1.60) | 15 | (15.0) | 0.89 | (0.42, 1.83) |
| 80+ kg | 522 | (13.3) | 71 | (15.0) | 1.25 | (0.89, 1.73) | 61 | (17.4) | 1.54 | (1.06, 2.23) | 10 | (8.3) | 0.58 | (0.26, 1.17) | 23 | (23.0) | 2.25 | (1.18, 4.34) |
| Maternal diabetes | ||||||||||||||||||
| Present | 164 | (1.8) | 25 | (2.9) | 1.44 | (0.91, 2.18) | 18 | (3.0) | 1.37 | (0.80, 2.21) | 7 | (2.6) | 2.29 | (0.86, 5.10) | 1 | (0.7) | 0.26 | (0.02, 1.18) |
| Not recorded | 9085 | (98.2) | 846 | (97.1) | 1 | (reference) | 579 | (97.0) | 1 | (reference) | 267 | (97.4) | 1 | (reference) | 145 | (99.3) | 1 | (reference) |
| Maternal age | ||||||||||||||||||
| <20 years | 885 | (9.1) | 66 | (7.2) | 0.93 | (0.69, 1.22) | 43 | (6.9) | 0.94 | (0.66, 1.31) | 23 | (8.1) | 0.91 | (0.55, 1.43) | 16 | (10.4) | 1.62 | (0.89, 2.78) |
| 20–29 years | 5615 | (58.0) | 482 | (52.6) | 1 | (reference) | 311 | (49.9) | 1 | (reference) | 171 | (60.4) | 1 | (reference) | 72 | (46.8) | 1 | (reference) |
| 30–34 years | 2306 | (23.8) | 268 | (29.3) | 1.21 | (1.03, 1.42) | 199 | (31.9) | 1.34 | (1.11, 1.62) | 69 | (24.4) | 0.96 | (0.72, 1.27) | 41 | (26.6) | 1.16 | (0.77, 1.73) |
| 35–39 years | 763 | (7.9) | 90 | (9.8) | 1.23 | (0.96, 1.56) | 70 | (11.2) | 1.41 | (1.06, 1.86) | 20 | (7.1) | 0.87 | (0.52, 1.36) | 18 | (11.7) | 1.45 | (0.83, 2.42) |
| 40+ years | 115 | (1.2) | 10 | (1.1) | 0.86 | (0.40, 1.63) | 7 | (1.1) | 0.99 | (0.41, 2.00) | 3 | (1.1) | 0.62 | (0.10, 2.00) | 7 | (4.5) | 3.68 | (1.48, 7.85) |
a
Relative risk and 95% confidence interval adjusted for birth year, gender, race and ethnicity, maternal age, gestational age and birth weight.