Table 2. Associations between the HADS anxiety subscale and socio-demographic and lifestyle factors.

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – anxiety subscale
	Non-case (<8) (n=2033)		Doubtful case (8–10) (n=711)		Probable case (>10) (n=818)		Multivariate analysisa
	n	%	n	%	n	%	ORb	(95% CI)
Age group
20–29 years	850	57	308	21	341	23	1.00	(ref)
30–39 years	516	54	189	20	253	26	0.97	0.78–1.22
40–49 years	456	59	154	20	169	22	0.85	0.66–1.10
50–59 years	211	65	60	18	55	17	0.68	0.48–0.97
P-value from χ2-test						0.010
P-value from χ2-test for trend							0.031
Global P-value							0.133
Index smear status
Mild	477	56	161	19	213	25	1.00	(ref)
BNA	1556	57	550	20	605	22	1.09	0.90–1.32
P-value from χ2-test						0.236
Global P-value							0.397
Previous smear history in the 3 years before index smear
No abnormal smear	1930	57	675	20	782	23	1.00	(ref)
One BNA	103	59	36	21	36	21	0.93	0.64–1.37
P-value from χ2-test						0.742
Global P-value							0.722
Median time from index smear to recruitment (days)	72		70		70
Trial centre
A	707	61	237	20	214	18	1.00	(ref)
B	470	54	169	19	231	27	1.06	0.85–1.33
C	856	56	305	20	373	24	0.95	0.79–1.16
P-value from χ2-test						<0.001
Global P-value from LR test							0.595
Ethnic group
White	1955	57	671	20	788	23	1.00	(ref)
Non-white	78	56	35	25	27	19	0.80	0.51–1.25
P-value from χ2-test						0.242
Global P-value from LR test							0.324
Marital status
Married/living as married	1155	58	368	19	464	23	1.00	(ref)
Divorced/separated/widowed	251	53	99	21	124	26	0.98	0.76–1.28
Single	610	57	240	22	222	21	0.90	0.71–1.13
P-value from χ2-test						0.019
Global P-value from LR test							0.638
Employment status
Full-time paid employment	1075	60	349	20	355	20	1.00	(ref)
Part-time paid employment	483	57	172	20	186	22	0.97	0.77–1.21
Student	175	55	72	23	72	23	1.04	0.77–1.40
Not in paid employment	298	48	118	19	204	33	1.02	0.79–1.33
P-value from χ2-test						<0.001
Global P-value from LR test							0.970
Training
None	522	54	180	19	258	27	1.00	(ref)
Through work with qualification	378	54	150	21	176	25	1.14	0.89–1.45
Qualification other than degree from college/university	616	60	190	19	214	21	0.84	0.67–1.06
Degree from college/university	512	59	190	22	167	19	0.97	0.75–1.25
P-value from χ2-test						0.001
Global P-value from LR test							0.096
Physical activity
<Once/week	838	60	263	19	304	22	1.00	(ref)
1–3 times/week	509	60	159	19	181	21	1.13	0.91–1.40
>3 times/week	663	52	283	22	324	26	1.52	1.26–1.85
P-value from χ2-test						0.001
P-value from χ2-test for trend							<0.001
Global P-value from LR test							<0.001
Ever had children
No	931	60	307	20	311	20	1.00	(ref)
Yes	1085	55	401	20	497	25	1.26	1.03–1.55
P-value from χ2-test						0.001
Global P-value from LR test							0.025
Smoking status
Never smoker	1070	63	320	19	319	19	1.00	(ref)
Ex-smoker	350	58	123	20	132	22	1.22	0.97–1.54
Current smoker	603	49	262	21	360	29	1.52	1.26–1.84
P-value from χ2-test						<0.001
Global P-value from LR test							<0.001

^aOutcome either 0=non-cases (<8) or 1=definite or doubtful cases (=>8).

^bMutually adjusted for: ever had children, training, smoking status, physical activity, age, depression, internal subscale, powerful others subscale, POSM q3–6, q10, q11, q15, q16. 139 women did not complete a sufficient number of questions on one or more of the outcome measures and were excluded from the analysis.

Bold values indicate statistically significant results.