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. 2005 Nov 1;93(11):1202–1208. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602859

Table 3. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (N=33).

  Study population Healthy controlsa
Sleep indicators Mean±s.e. Mean±s.e.
Sleep quality 1.7±0.18 0.35±0.07
Sleep latency 1.6±0.22 0.56±0.10
Sleep duration 1.3±0.22 0.29±0.07
Sleep efficiency 1.3±0.24 0.1±0.04
Sleep disturbance 2.3±0.12 1.0±0.05
Sleep medication 0.9±0.19 0.04±0.04
Daytime dysfunction 1.5±0.27 0.35±0.07
Global sleep quality score 10.6±0.95 2.67±0.23
a

Owen et al (1999) 26, 1649–1651.