Table 2. Use of alcohol, tobacco and opium, by sex and residence.
| Exposure | Rural men, N (%) | Urban men, N (%) | P-valuea | Rural women, N (%) | Urban women, N (%) | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol drinking | ||||||
| Ever | 8 (3.0) | 31 (17.3) | <0.0001 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — |
| Frequencyb | ||||||
| <50 g day−1 | 1 (12.5) | 20 (66.7) | 0.02 | — | — | — |
| 50–150 g day−1 | 3 (37.5) | 4 (13.3) | — | — | ||
| >150 g day−1 | 4 (50.0) | 6 (20.0) | — | — | ||
| Tobacco smoking | ||||||
| Ever | 81 (30.0) | 69 (38.5) | 0.06 | 4 (1.1) | 9 (3.4) | 0.04 |
| Recent | 53 (19.6) | 42 (23.5) | 0.3 | 1 (0.3) | 5 (1.9) | 0.009 |
| Frequency (cpd)b | ||||||
| <2 | 3 (3.9) | 3 (4.6) | 0.6 | 2 (50.0) | 2 (28.6) | 0.6 |
| 2–3 | 54 (71.1) | 50 (76.9) | 2 (50.0) | 4 (57.1) | ||
| 4–6 | 19 (25.0) | 12 (18.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (14.3) | ||
| Nass use | ||||||
| Ever | 50 (18.5) | 3 (1.7) | <0.0001 | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.22 |
| Recent | 47 (17.4) | 1 (0.6) | <0.0001 | 2 (0.6) | — | — |
| Frequencyb | ||||||
| <1 day−1 | 2 (4.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.8 | 0 (0.0) | — | — |
| 1–5 day−1 | 17 (34.7) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (100.0) | — | ||
| 6–20 day−1 | 20 (40.8) | 2 (66.7) | 0 (0.0) | — | ||
| >20 day−1 | 10 (20.4) | 0 (0.0) | — | |||
| Opium use | ||||||
| Ever | 58 (21.5) | 14 (7.9) | <0.0001 | 19 (5.1) | 2 (0.8) | 0.03 |
| Recent | 53 (19.6) | 9 (4.5) | <0.0001 | 15 (4.3) | 1 (0.4) | 0.04 |
| Frequencyb | ||||||
| <1 day−1 | 12 (23.1) | 4 (28.6) | 0.2 | 3 (18.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.8 |
| 1 day−1 | 14 (26.9) | 7 (50.0) | 6 (37.5) | 1 (50.0) | ||
| 2–5 day−1 | 22 (42.3) | 3 (21.4) | 7 (43.7) | 1 (50.0) | ||
| 6+ per day | 4 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
a
P-value of difference between rural and urban populations (χ2 test, two-sided).
b
Percentages refer to ever users cpd, cigarettes per day.
Numbers might not add up because of missing values.