Table 1.

Repellent effects of different DDA-based lotion-formulations against I. ricinus nymphs (MO-bioassay)

Project	Crawling to the tip of the glass rod		Attaching the filter paper on the drum		Dropping off the attachment site			Repellency [%]
	n	%	n	%	n	%	Significance*
Trial 1
Blank test	29	96.7	27	93.1	0	0
10% DDS	30	100	28	93.3	25	89.3	p < 0.001	88.90
Batch 030138	30	100	23	76.7	22	95.7	p < 0.001	96.30
Batch 030142	29	96.7	20	69.0	15	75.0	p < 0.001	81.40
Trial 2
Blank test	29/30	96.7	24/27	82.8/90.0	0/1	0/3.7
10% DDS	30	100	24	80.0	21	87.5	p < 0.001	88.5
Batch 030174	30	100	20	66.7	17	85.0	p < 0.001	87.5
Batch 030175	29/29	96.7/96.7	21/20	72.4/69.0	19/17	90.5/85.0	p < 0.001	91.63/88.5
Batch 030176	28	93.3	22	78.6	20	90.9	p < 0.001	91.63
Trial 3
Blank test	30	100	28	93.3	0	0
10% DDS	30	100	24	80.0	19	79.2	p < 0.001	82.10
Batch 040088	30	100	23	76.7	19	82.6	p < 0.001	85.74
Trial 4
Blank test	30	100	29	96.7	0	0
Batch 040108	30	100	21	70.0	21	100	p < 0.001	100
Batch 050030	30	100	24	80.0	24	100	p < 0.001	100

The quantity of repellent applied per test was about 1 mg/cm², corresponding to approximately 0.1 mg DDA/cm². Batch No. 050030 is identical to the final product ContraZeck^® in terms of the qualitative and quantitative ingredients and fragrances. Batch No. 040088 and Batch No. 040108 are identical in terms of the qualitative and quantitative ingredients and fragrances. *Significance in relation to blank test