Influence of rhodopsin on PDE activation by Gαt and HDt. The enzymatic activity of 0.2 nM PDE was determined with the indicated additions to the reactions. When present, rhodopsin was added at 1 μM, GαtGDP and GαtGTPγS were 125 nM, and HDt was 0.5 μM. For nucleotide exchange, 5 μM GTPγS or 5 μM GDP were added with rhodopsin as indicated. The PDE reactions were conducted for 15 min. Error bars indicate ±SEM for values obtained in three independent experiments. The GαtGDP was purified as described (32), and its concentration was determined by rhodopsin-catalyzed GDP/[35S]GTPγS exchange according to the modified method (19, 47).