Table 3.

The larvicidal potentiality (mean mortality ± standard error) of different concentrations of chloroform:methanol (1:1, v/v) extract of the green berries of S. villosum and a synthetic insecticide, Malathion, on first and fourth instars larvae of S. aegypti. For first instar larvae: t = 2.07^NS, 3.14*, 7.56* (between 15 and 10 ppm at 24, 48 and 72 hours); t = 5.2*, 26.62*, 13.99* (between 15 and 5 ppm at 24, 48 and 72 hours). For fourth instar larvae: t = 2^NS, 1.99^NS, 0.91^NS (between 15 and 10 ppm at 24, 48 and 72 hours); t = 1.73^NS, 1.89^NS, 1.82^NS (between 15 and 5 ppm at 24, 48 and 72 hours). * denotes significant (p < 0.05); NS, not significant (p > 0.05). Table value = 2.92 at five degrees of freedom. M, mortality (%); SE, standard error.

Instars of mosquito larvae	Concentrations (ppm)	Period of exposure (hours)
		24	48	72
First	15	60 ± 1.92	66.67 ± 5.67	70 ± 2.93
	10	40 ± 5.57	43.33 ± 3.84	46.66 ± 3.84
	5	40 ± 5.57	40 ± 5.67	53.33 ± 1.92
	Malathion (5 ppm)	100 ± 0.00	100 ± 0.00	100 ± 0.00
Fourth	15	40 ± 1.92	43.33 ± 3.84	46.66 ± 5.57
	10	33.33 ± 3.84	40 ± 1.92	43.33 ± 5.56
	5	30 ± 5.57	33.33 ± 2.93	36.67 ± 2.84
	Malathion (5 ppm)	100 ± 0.00	100 ± 0.00	100 ± 0.00