Table 5.
Phytochemical analysis of the chloroform:methanol extract of the green berries of S. villosum
| Solvents used | Spraying reagents | Rf values (and appearance) of the positive spot | Presence/absence of phytochemicals |
| Acetone-hexane (4:1) | Antimony chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid | - | Absence of sapogenins |
| Methanol-concentrated ammonium hydroxide (200:3) | Dragendorff | 0.95, 0.96 (green) | Presence of alkaloids |
| Chloroform | Libermann-Buchard | 0.95, 0.82, 0.68 (reddish pink) | Presence of steroids |
| Chloroform:benzene (1:1) | Vanillin-sulphuric acid | 0.99 (violet blue) | Presence of essential oil |
| Chloroform:acetic acid:water (90:45:6) | Saturated alcoholic sodium acetate | 0.98 (green) | Presence of flavonoids |
| Ethyl acetate:benzene (1:1) | Folin reagent | 0.98, 0.94 (blue) | Presence of phenolics |
| Ninhydrin | 0.78 | Presence of protein | |
| Chloroform on silica gel plate treated with silver nitrate | Antimony chloride in chloroform | 0.97, 0.48 (green) | Presence of terpenoids |