Table 1.

 Study and population characteristics of hypertensive pregnant women with urine assessed by spot protein:creatinine ratio

Study	No women* (No analysed)	Patient status of women	Type of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy included	Gestational age (weeks)	Exclusions	QUADAS score
Al et al 2004w1	221 (185)	Inpatients	Gestational hypertension	≥29	Urinary tract infection or chronic medical illness,* severe hypertension	11
Durnwald et al 2003w2	220	Inpatients	Suspected pre-eclampsia (gestational hypertension, oedema, or new + or more proteinuria)†	≥24	Chronic medical illness*	9
Jaschevatzky et al 1990w3	35	Inpatients	Pre-eclampsia (gestational hypertension, oedema, or new proteinuria)	≥29	NS	8
Neithardt et al 2002w4	36 (30)	Inpatients	Any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (81%), type I diabetes or nephropathy	Any	NS	8
Ramos et al 1999w5	47	Inpatients	Gestational hypertension	>20	Chronic medical illness,* multiple pregnancy, preterm, prelabour rupture of membranes, stillbirth, or absent fetus	9
Robert et al 1997w6	71	Inpatients	Gestational hypertension	≥24	Bacteriuria or diuretic use	9
Rodriguez-Thompson et al 2001w7	138	NS	Any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, diabetes mellitus (3%)	≥29	Urinary tract infection or chronic medical illness*	9
Saudan et al 1997w8	100	Inpatients and outpatients	Any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy	NS	NS	7
Taherian et al 2006w9	100	NS	Suspected pre-eclampsia (gestational hypertension, ≥160/110 mm Hg, + or more proteinuria or oedema)	>20	Urinary tract infection, chronic medical illness,* or haematuria	11
Valerio et al 2005w10	85 (75)	Inpatients	Gestational hypertension	>20	Stillbirth, prelabour rupture of membranes, gestational age ≥41 weeks	12
Wheeler et al 2007w11	154 (126)	Inpatients	Suspected pre-eclampsia (gestational hypertension, worsening hypertension, or + or more proteinuria)	>20	Bacteriuria, bed rest for more than 24 hours	11
Yamasmit et al 2004w12	55 (42)	Inpatients	Suspected pre-eclampsia (gestational or pre-existing hypertension with new + or more proteinuria)	≥29	Urinary tract infection or chronic medical illness*	12
Young et al 1996w13	66 (45)	Inpatients	Gestational hypertension	≥29	Previous diagnosis of “pregnancy induced hypertension,” or bed rest at home or in hospital for more than 36 hours	10

QUADAS=quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy in systematic reviews based on 14 criteria of study quality; NS=not specified.

*Including chronic (pre-existing) hypertension, pregestational diabetes mellitus, or chronic renal disease.

†Women who were post partum or had vaginal bleeding of another cause and had urine collected through a urinary catheter.