Table 1.
Characteristics of participants and non-participants in a multifactorial comprehensive lifestyle intervention trial for patients with CVD
| Participants (n = 50) | Non-participants (n = 50) | 95% CI | |
| Socio-demographic | |||
| Sex: male | 35 (70.0%) | 39 (78.0%) | -0.25 to 0.09 |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 60.2 ± 8.9 | 64.3 ± 8.3 | 0.72 to 7.53* |
| Married or living together | 29 (60.0%) | 38 (76.0%) | -0.33 to 0.03 |
| Level of education | |||
| - Low | 15 (31.3%) | 24 (48.0%) | -0.34 to 0.03 |
| - Middle | 15 (31.3%) | 23 (46.0%) | -0.32 to 0.04 |
| - High | 18 (37.5%) | 3 (6.0%) | 0.16 to 0.46* |
| Job status | |||
| - Retired | 17 (35.4%) | 30 (60.0%) | -0.42 to -0.05* |
| - Working | 17 (35.4%) | 6 (12.0%) | 0.07 to 0.39* |
| - Unemployed | 14 (29.2%) | 14 (28.0%) | -0.16 to 0.19 |
| Ethnic minority | 10 (21.3%) | 6 (12.5%) | -0.07 to 0.24 |
| Distance to hospital in km (mean ± SD) | 9.9 ± 7.4 | 12.4 ± 15.9 | -2.43 to 7.42 |
| Health-related variables | |||
| Perceived general health | |||
| SF36 | |||
| - Good, very good or excellent | 26 (54.2%) | 28 (56.0%) | -0.21 to 0.17 |
| - Fair or poor | 22 (45.8%) | 22 (44.0%) | -0.17 to 0.21 |
| EuroQol (mean ± SD) | 0.73 ± 0.3 | 0.80 ± 0.2 | -0.04 to 0.18 |
| Clinical | |||
| BMI (mean ± SD) | 28.1 ± 5.4 | 27.0 ± 3.8 | -2.99 to 0.73 |
| Overweight (25<BMI < 30) | 20 (40.0%) | 23 (46.9%) | -0.25 to 0.12 |
| Obese (BMI > 30) | 16 (32.0%) | 8 (16.3%) | -0.01 to 0.32 |
| Co-morbidity diabetes | 9 (18.0%) | 10 (20.0%) | -0.17 to 0.14 |
| Hypertension | 29 (58.0%) | 30 (60.0%) | -0.21 to 0.17 |
| Behavioral variables | |||
| Lifestyle behaviors | |||
| Current smoker | 17 (39.5%) | 16 (32.0%) | -0.12 to 0.26 |
| Pack years (mean ± SD) | 19.5 ± 19.3 | 14.7 ± 16.9 | -12.32 to 2.73 |
| Not meeting recommended levels of physical activity | 33 (66.0%) | 32 (65.3%) | -0.27 to 0.33 |
| Stages of behavioral change | |||
| Pre-contemplation | 2 (4.2%) | 8 (16.3%) | -0.25 to 0.00 |
| Contemplation | 5 (10.4%) | 5 (10.2%) | -0.13 to 0.13 |
| Preparation | 8 (16.7%) | 4 (8.2%) | -0.05 to 0.22 |
| Action | 9 (18.8%) | 12 (24.5%) | -0.22 to 0.11 |
| Maintenance | 24 (50.0%) | 20 (40.8%) | -0.10 to 0.28 |
Statistical significance was assessed with Chi-square tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables.
CI: Confidence interval.
SD: Standard deviation.
BMI: Body Mass Index.
* P < 0.05