Table 1.
Background characteristics*
| Group | Iron-deficient anemic | Non-anemic | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 26 | 18 | |
| Infant | |||
| Age at recording (months) | 7.1 ± 0.4 | 6.8 ± 0.4 | 0.05 |
| Gender (% male, n) | 69% (18) | 50% (9) | 0.20 |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 39.1 ± 1.1 | 39.6 ± 1.3 | 0.19 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 3.7 ± 0.4 | 0.01 |
| Birth length (cm) | 50.6 ± 2.1 | 51.9 ± 1.6 | 0.04 |
| Milk intake (ml/day) | 572.7 ± 251.3 | 544.5 ± 288.7 | 0.73 |
| Growth in infancy (6 months) | |||
| Weight-for-age z-score | 0.8 ± 0.7 | 0.4 ± 1.0 | 0.19 |
| Height-for-age z-score | 0.1 ± 0.8 | 0.2 ± 0.9 | 0.80 |
| Iron status at study entry in infancy | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 94.2 ± 6.9 | 123.3 ± 4.0 | 0.0001 |
| Mean corpuscular volume (fl) | 65.3 ± 4.2 | 73.8 ± 1.9 | 0.0001 |
| Erythrocyte protoporphyrin (μg/dl rbcs) | 194.2 ± 76.9 | 83.1 ± 17.4 | 0.0001 |
| Ferritin (μg/l) | 8.7 ± 9.03 | 20.7 ± 13.9 | 0.0015 |
| Family | |||
| Socioeconomic status index | 40.1 ± 9.0 | 39.0 ± 5.4 | 0.66 |
| HOME score in infancy | 28.8 ± 5.1 | 31.2 ± 4.0 | 0.11 |
| Father’s education (years) | 9.6 ± 3.2 | 11.7 ± 1.8 | 0.07 |
| Mother’s education (years) | 9.4 ± 3.1 | 10.4 ± 1.9 | 0.23 |
| Mother’s IQ | 82.7 ± 8.8 | 88.2 ± 11.1 | 0.08 |
*
Values are mean ± SD