Table 4.

Recently identified antibodies in patients with cerebellar degeneration, opsoclonus-myoclonus, and limbic encephalitis

	Syndrome	Tumour	Number of cases	Comments
CARP VIII59	PCD	Melanoma	1	CARP VIII is highly enriched in the cerebellum
Zic1, Zic 460	PCD	SCLC	18	Mutations of Zic1 and Zic4 result in cerebellar malformation (Dandy-Walker)
PKCγ61	PCD	Non-SCLC	1	Missense mutations of PKCγ result in autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (SCA14)
Proteasome62	PCD	Ovary, other	12	All patients had anti-Yo antibodies
Neuroleukin63	Opsoclonus	No tumour	2	Post-streptococcal
Gliadin, IgA subtype64	Opsoclonus	No tumour	1	Celiac disease; patient also had endomysial and CV2 antibodies
Adenomatous polyposis coli65	Opsoclonus	2 SCLC, 2 idiopathic	4	Protein highly expressed in brainstem, cerebellum and hippocampus; 2/4 patients had opsoclonus, the other 2 had nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia
Zic265	Opsoclonus	SCLC	1	Member of the Zic family of proteins, involved in cerebellar development (see above)
Anti-BR serine/threonine kinase 266	LE	SCLC	1	..
Antibodies to CRMP3-467	LE	Thymoma	1	The affected patient also had GAD antibodies
Adenylate kinase 568	LE	No tumour	2	Refractory to treatments
GluRε269	LE	Ovarian teratoma	1	Described in many other disorders. Different from anti-NR1/NR2 heteromers of NMDA receptor

CARP=carbonic anhydrase-related protein. PCD=paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. PKC=protein kinase C. SCLC=small-cell lung cancer. SCA=spinocerebellar ataxia. LE=limbic encephalitis. GAD=glutamic-acid decarboxylase. CRMP=collapsin-response mediator protein.