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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 May 6.

Published in final edited form as: Soc Serv Rev. 2006 Dec;80(4):675–704. doi: 10.1086/508380

Table 4.

Structural Mode: Standardized Path Coefficients and Model Fit

Path	White Youth	African American Youth	API American Youth	Multiracial Youth
Indirect paths to family construct:
Lack of attachment to neighborhood to family management	.02	−.10³	.04	−.20^*
Lack of opportunities in neighborhood to family management	−.29^*	−.16^*	−.05	−.03
Lack of neighborhood safety to family management	−.36^*	−.19^*	−.27^*	−.24^*
Lack of attachment to neighborhood to bonding to parents	−.19^*	−.27^*	−.28^*	−.30^*
Lack of opportunities in neighborhood to bonding to parents	−.25^*	−.02	−.02	−.02
Lack of neighborhood safety to bonding to parents	−.15^*	.04	−.14^*	−.13^*
Direct paths to substance use:
Lack of attachment to neighborhood to substance use	.19^*	−.06	−.09	.04
Lack of opportunities in neighborhood to substance use	.19^*	−.06	.00	−.01
Lack of neighborhood safety to substance use	.59^*	.43^*	.48^*	.39^*
Family management to substance use	−.06	−.22^*	.00	−.35^*
Bonding to parents to substance use	−.12^*	−.11^*	−.14^*	−.04
n	732	561	584	459

⁺

p < .10.

^*

p < .05.