Active site structure of trypsin and mutant trypsin(ogens). The S1 site and oxyanion hole residues are shown. Lys15, the P1 residue of BPTI, is shown in black. The following color scheme is used: wild-type, purple; K15A trypsinogen, green; ΔI16V17/Q156K trypsinogen, yellow; S195A trypsinogen, red; ΔI16V17 trypsinogen, blue; and ΔI16V17/D194N trypsinogen, cyan. The structures were superimposed by least squares superposition of the backbone atoms of residues 20–140 and 154–245.