TABLE 2—

Overall and Subgroup-Specific Trends in Cigarette Smoking Among Adults Aged 18–24 Years: National Health Interview Survey, 1974–2005

	Time 1 (Slope)	Time 2 (Slope)	Time 3 (Slope)	Time 4 (Slope)	R2
Overall	1974–1991 (−0.9*)	. . .	1991–1997 (0.5)	1997–2005 (−0.5)*	0.91
Age, y
18–19	1974–1990 (−1.0)*	. . .	1990–1998 (0.4)	1998–2005 (−0.8)*	0.87
20–24	1974–1983 (−0.2)	1983–1991 (−1.5)*	1991–1997 (0.7)*	1997–2005 (−0.5)*	0.94
Gender
Men	1974–1991 (−1.0)*	. . .	1991–1997 (1.0)*	1997–2005 (−0.6)*	0.89
Women	1974–1985 (−0.2)	1985–1991 (−1.8)*	1991–1999 (0.3)	1999–2005 (−0.8)*	0.92
Race/ethnicity
White	1978–1983 (0.0)	1983–1991 (−1.0)*	1991–1997 (0.9)*	1997–2005 (−0.7)*	0.81
Black	1978–1980 (1.1)	1980–1995 (−1.9)*	1995–1999 (2.2)*	1999–2005 (−0.3)	0.91
Hispanic	1978–1992 (−1.0)*	. . .	. . .	1992–2005 (−0.1)	0.75
Education
Less than high school	1974–1980 (0.6)	1980–1994 (−1.5)*	1994–1998 (0.2)	1998–2005 (−0.8)*	0.96
High school	1974–1983 (−0.2)	1983–1991 (−1.3)*	1991–1999 (0.8)*	1999–2005 (−0.8)	0.81
More than high school	1974–1991 (−0.8)*	. . .	1991–1998 (1.1)*	1998–2005 (−0.7)	0.86
Region
Northeast	1974–1991 (−1.0)*	. . .	1991–1998 (0.5)	1998–2005 (−1.1)*	0.83
Midwest	1974–1991 (−0.8)*	. . .	1991–1997 (0.9)*	1997–2005 (−0.6)	0.83
South	1974–1991 (−1.0)*	. . .	1991–1997 (0.5)	1997–2005 (−0.2)	0.86
West	1974–1990 (−0.8)*	. . .	1990–1997 (−0.3)	1997–2005 (−0.4)	0.86
Population density
MSA	1974–1991 (−1.0)*	. . .	1991–1995 (0.3)	1995–2005 (0.1)	0.96
Non-MSA	1974–1983 (0.3)	1983–1991 (−1.4)*	1991–1997 (0.9)	1997–2005 (−0.7)	0.80
Gender by race/ethnicity
White men	1978–1991 (−0.7)*	. . .	1991–1997 (1.1)*	1997–2005 (−0.5)	0.72
White women	1978–1985 (−0.0)	1985–1991 (−1.3)*	1991–1999 (0.4)	1999–2005 (−1.1)	0.74
Black men	1978–1991 (−2.0)*	. . .	1991–1997 (0.7)	1997–2005 (−0.2)	0.87
Black women	1978–1985 (−0.6)	1985–1991 (−3.1)*	1991–1999 (0.0)	1999–2005 (0.7)	0.83
Hispanic men	1978–1991 (−1.1)*	. . .	1991–1997 (0.5)	1997–2005 (−0.2)	0.30
Hispanic women	1978–1985 (−1.6)*	1985–1991 (−1.1)	1991–1999 (−0.2)	1999–2005 (−0.4)	0.80
Gender by education
Men, less than high school	1974–1991 (−1.2)*	. . .	1991–1997 (−0.5)	1997–2005 (−0.7)	0.90
Men, high school	1974–1991 (−0.8)*	. . .	1991–1997 (1.2)*	1997–2005 (−0.3)	0.71
Men, more than high school	1974–1991 (−0.9)*	. . .	1991–1997 (2.0)*	1997–2005 (−0.7)	0.68
Women, less than high school	1974–1985 (0.3)	1985–1991 (−2.9)*	1991–1999 (−0.7)	1999–2005 (−0.5)	0.89
Women, high school	1974–1985 (0.1)	1985–1991 (−1.9)*	1991–1999 (0.7)	1999–2005 (−1.1)	0.80
Women, more than high school	1974–1985 (−0.6)*	1985–1991 (−0.7)*	1991–1999 (0.6)*	1999–2005 (−0.7)	0.73
Race/ethnicity by education
White, less than high school	1978–1983 (0.0)	1983–1991 (−1.0)*	1991–1997 (−0.8)	1997–2005 (−0.5)	0.91
White, high school	1978–1983 (0.3)	1983–1991 (−1.0)*	1991–1997 (1.4)*	1997–2005 (−0.5)	0.53
White, more than high school	1978–1983 (−0.7)	1983–1991 (−0.4)	1991–1997 (1.4)*	1997–2005 (−0.6)*	0.83
Black, less than high school	1978–1980 (5.8)	1980–1995 (−2.6)*	1995–1999 (3.1)*	1999–2005 (−0.6)	0.90
Black, high school	1978–1980 (4.1)	1980–1995 (−1.8)*	1995–1999 (2.3)	1999–2005 (−0.1)	0.74
Black, more than high school	1978–1980 (−2.4)	1980–1995 (−1.3)*	1995–1999 (1.4)	1999–2005 (0.3)	0.79
Hispanic, less than high school	1978–1992 (−1.3)*	. . .	. . .	1992–2005 (−0.4)	0.65
Hispanic, high school	1978–1992 (−1.2)*	. . .	. . .	1992–2005 (0.2)	0.52
Hispanic, more than high school	1978–1992 (−0.6)	. . .	. . .	1992–2005 (0.0)	0.12

Note. MSA = metropolitan statistical area. Ellipses indicate data not available.

* P < .01.