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Nicotine suppresses Porphyromonas gingivalis killing in HL-60 cells. Compared to DMSO-only control cells, nicotine (100 ng ml-1)-exposed five-day, DMSO-differentiated HL-60 cells exhibited reduced ability to kill the Gram-negative pathogen P. gingivalis (p < 0.01). This suppression of bacterial killing was reversed by pre-treating DMSO-induced HL-60 cells with the nAChR-antagonist α-bungarotoxin (α-BTX, 500 ng ml-1). Error bars represent standard deviations of the mean, n = 3.
