Table 3. Green-yellow vegetables and fruit consumption and lung cancer risk according to sex and smoking status.
|
Green-yellow vegetables |
Fruit |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Category |
Category |
|||||||||
| Total cases | 1 | 2 | 3 | P-value* | Total cases | 1 | 2 | 3 | P-value* | |
| Men | ||||||||||
| Nonsmokers | ||||||||||
| Cases | 15 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 15 | 7 | 5 | 3 | ||
| Relative hazards | 1.00 | 0.90 | 1.28 | 0.7517 | 1.00 | 0.64 | 0.19 | 0.0194 | ||
| (95% CI) | (0.27–3.07) | (0.33–4.97) | (0.19–2.12) | (0.05–0.79) | ||||||
| Past-smokers | ||||||||||
| Cases | 47 | 17 | 20 | 10 | 47 | 11 | 16 | 20 | ||
| Relative hazards | 1.00 | 1.38 | 0.86 | 0.8142 | 1.00 | 1.24 | 1.06 | 0.9447 | ||
| (95% CI) | (0.69–2.78) | (0.38–1.97) | (0.55–2.78) | (0.50–2.26) | ||||||
| Current smokers ⩽20 cigarettes day−1 | ||||||||||
| Cases | 189 | 69 | 78 | 42 | 189 | 80 | 62 | 47 | ||
| Relative hazards | 1.00 | 1.06 | 1.13 | 0.5385 | 1.00 | 0.69 | 0.67 | 0.0261 | ||
| (95% CI) | (0.76–1.48) | (0.76–1.67) | (0.49–0.97) | (0.46–0.98) | ||||||
| Current smokers > 20 cigarettes day−1 | ||||||||||
| Cases | 94 | 42 | 35 | 17 | 94 | 34 | 39 | 21 | ||
| Relative hazards | 1.00 | 0.94 | 1.06 | 0.9380 | 1.00 | 1.03 | 0.57 | 0.0618 | ||
| (95% CI) | (0.60–1.48) | (0.60–1.87) | (0.65–1.64) | (0.32–1.00) | ||||||
| Women | ||||||||||
| Nonsmokers | ||||||||||
| Cases | 112 | 38 | 46 | 28 | 112 | 19 | 31 | 62 | ||
| Relative hazards | 1.00 | 0.75 | 0.68 | 0.1207 | 1.00 | 1.08 | 0.97 | 0.8101 | ||
| (95% CI) | (0.48–1.16) | (0.41–1.12) | (0.61–1.92) | (0.57–1.65) | ||||||
| Current smokers | ||||||||||
| Cases | 63 | 23 | 26 | 14 | 63 | 16 | 18 | 29 | ||
| Relative hazards | 1.00 | 1.04 | 1.24 | 0.5632 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.06 | 0.8304 | ||
| (95% CI) | (0.59–1.84) | (0.63–2.44) | (0.50–1.99) | (0.56–2.00) | ||||||
*
Test for trend; relative hazards adjusted for age, radiation dose, city, BMI, smoking status, alcohol habits, and education level.