Table 2. Distribution of demographic, lifestyle and dietary factors among controls and cases of large bowel, bladder and kidney cancer.
| Controls | Cancer cases of large bowel | Cancer cases of bladder | Cancer cases of kidney | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
|
Characteristics of participants | ||||
|
Gender | ||||
| Males | 272 (50.6%) | 346 (58.5%) | 199 (75.7%) | 71 (53.4%) |
| Females | 266 (49.4%) | 245 (41.5%) | 64 (24.3%) | 62 (46.6%) |
|
Age group (years) | ||||
| 51–62 | 141 (26.2%) | 167 (28.3%) | 54 (20.5%) | 45 (33.8%) |
| 63–68 | 130 (24.2%) | 137 (23.2%) | 77 (29.3%) | 30 (22.6%) |
| 69–72 | 137 (25.5%) | 137 (23.2%) | 64 (24.3%) | 35 (26.3%) |
| 73–77 | 130 (24.2%) | 150 (25.4%) | 68 (25.9%) | 23 (17.3%) |
| Body mass index (kg m−2) >25.0 | 205 (38.5%) | 316 (53.8%) | 140 (53.5%) | 70 (53.4%) |
| Current smokers | 130 (24.2%) | 134 (22.7%) | 128 (48.7%) | 34 (25.6%) |
|
Food intake 5 years prior | ||||
|
Weekly consumption of | ||||
| French fries | 33 (6.1%) | 58 (9.8%) | 23 (8.8%) | 36 (34.6%) |
| Potato crisps | 54 (10.0%) | 48 (8.1%) | 14 (5.3%) | 16 (11.3%) |
| Pan-fried potatoes | 202 (37.6%) | 226 (38.2%) | 124 (47.2%) | 49 (36.8%) |
| Potatoes au gratin | 42 (7.8%) | 59 (10.0%) | 17 (6.5%) | 15 (11.3%) |
| Cornflakes | 186 (34.6%) | 161 (27.2%) | 66 (25.1%) | 31 (23.3%) |
| Muesli | 172 (32.4%) | 168 (28.8%) | 70 (27.0%) | 42 (31.8%) |
| Oatmeal | 244 (45.3%) | 211 (35.8%) | 88 (33.5%) | 46 (34.6%) |
| Biscuits | 257 (47.8%) | 302 (51.2%) | 123 (47.0%) | 66 (49.6%) |
| Fried meatballs | 54 (10.0%) | 50 (8.5%) | 27 (10.3%) | 19 (14.3%) |
| Breaded fish | 100 (19.5%) | 132 (23.7%) | 55 (22.1%) | 30 (24.0%) |
| Pancakes/waffles | 181 (33.6%) | 193 (32.7%) | 80 (30.4%) | 43 (32.3%) |
|
3+ slices per day of | ||||
| Crisp bread | 104 (21.2%) | 117 (19.8%) | 57 (12.2%) | 28 (31.0%) |
| Rye bread | 45 (8.3%) | 63 (10.6%) | 35 (13.3%) | 15 (11.3%) |
| White bread | 54 (10.0%) | 61 (10.3%) | 26 (9.9%) | 20 (15.0%) |
| Other dietary factors | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) |
| Fruit and vegetables (g day−1) | 275.3 (8.2) | 250.1 (6.8) | 234.9 (11.1) | 260.6 (15.2) |
| Saturated fat (g day−1) | 35.5 (0.7) | 38.1 (0.7) | 40.4 (1.3) | 36.8 (1.5) |
| Total calories (kcal day−1) | 2065.9 (27.5) | 2186.4 (29.3) | 2243.0 (49.4) | 2150.3 (62.9) |
| Alcohol (g day−1) | 10.8 (0.6) | 11.8 (0.6) | 15.2 (1.1) | 10.8 (1.4) |
| Acrylamide intake through diet (μg day−1) | 27.5 (0.6) | 28.6 (0.6) | 29.4 (0.9) | 28.4 (1.2) |