. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 May 12.

Published in final edited form as: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007 Jan;161(1):69–76. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.161.1.69

Table 3.

Infant risk factors by group

	Cambodian	Chinese	Filipino	Indian	Japanese	Korean	Laotian	Thai	Vietnamese	All Asian American	Non-Hispanic White
Pregnancy Risk Factors^[a]	4.3% ^**	6.7% ^**	9.5% ^**	9.3% ^**	8.0% ^**	4.5% ^**	6.4% ^**	8.4% ^**	5.5% ^**	7.4% ^**	13.0%
Complications of Labor or Delivery^[b]	15.4% ^**	17.0%	18.4% ^**	17.6%	15.9% ^**	14.0% ^**	17.0%	18.4% ^*	19.3% ^**	17.5% ^**	17.2%
Anomalies^[c]
High Risk	0.11%	0.05% ^**	0.08% ^**	0.13%	0.10%	0.08%	0.12%	0.02% ^*	0.09% ^*	0.08% ^**	0.11%
Moderately High Risk	0.27%	0.17% ^**	0.24%	0.20%	0.19%	0.20%	0.18%	0.16%	0.22%	0.21% ^**	0.24%
Moderately Low Risk	0.35%	0.34%	0.45% ^**	0.43%	0.30% ^*	0.29% ^**	0.45%	0.42%	0.38%	0.38%	0.38%
Low Risk	0.29%	0.43% ^**	0.41% ^**	0.41%	0.27% ^**	0.35%	0.29%	0.49%	0.36%	0.39% ^*	0.37%
Other Complications^[d]	8.1% ^**	8.5% ^**	10.4% ^**	10.3% ^**	7.6% ^**	8.5% ^**	7.9% ^**	9.8% ^**	7.5% ^**	9.0% ^**	11.4%

denotes the Asian-American subgroup is significantly different from Non-Hispanic Whites, p<0.05;

^**

denotes p<0.01.

^[a]

Base on birth certificate data. Includes pregnancy-related hypertension, eclampsia, chronic hypertension, renal disease, anemia, cardiac disease, lung disease, diabetes, Rh sensitization, hemoglobinathy, uterine bleeding, hydraamnios/oligohydramnios, incompetent cervix, herpes, tobacco consumption, previous infant larger than 4000g, and previous pre-term infant

^[b]

Based on birth certificate data. Includes seizures, cephalopelvic disproportion, breech delivery, precipitous labor, premature placenta rupture, abruption placenta, placenta previa, other excessive bleeding, febrile fetus, moderate to heavy meconium, cord prolapse, fetal distress, and anesthetic complications

^[c]

anomaly groups are derived from 49 major anomalies identified based on diagnosis and procedure codes from the hospital discharge abstracts. Additional detail available in the appendix.

^[d]

Based on hospital discharge data. Includes oligohydramnios, placenta hemorrhage, prolapsed cord, premature ruptured membrane, fetal distress, small for gestational age, large for gestational age, hydrops fetalis no isoimmunization, maternal complications, hemolytic disorder, and other high risk maternal conditions