Fig. 3.

Orthologs of C. elegans candidate innate immunity genes regulate the mammalian innate immune response. The indicated siRNA pools were transfected into a mouse macrophage cell line, the cells were induced with E. coli LPS, and IL-6 production was measured. Cytokine production was normalized relative to a negative control siRNA and cell number as described in Materials and Methods and is graphed as the percentage of control IL-6 production. Depicted from left to right are five negative controls (four siRNAs that should not target any gene and one that should not associate with the RISC complex), four positive controls (Tlr4, Myd88, CD14, and IL-6), and 27 test genes orthologous to genes that affect antimicrobial production in C. elegans (C. elegans name listed first, mouse name second). IL-6 values that were significantly different from wild type in the test siRNAs (P < 0.05, t test) are indicated with an asterisk.