Fig. 3.
Heart rate responses and quantitation of in vivo cardiomyocyte sarcolemmal injury induced by an acute increase in cardiac mechanical stress after isoproterenol infusion in mdx and mdx/GC+/0 mice. Values are means ± SEM of four to six experiments in mdx (solid bars) or mdx/GC+/0 (open bars) mouse hearts. Heart rate was continuously monitored by a single-lead electrocardiogram (A), and cardiomyocyte sarcolemmal injury was evaluated by using the Evans blue vital dye (B). ***, P < 0.001 for mdx vs. mdx/GC+/0 mouse hearts.