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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 May 14.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Oct 15;41(20):7152–7158. doi: 10.1021/es071041z

TABLE 2.

P&D Driver, Loading Dock, and Mechanic Shop Values (μ g/m3)a

P&D drivers
nonsmokers
smokers
loading dock
mechanic shop
obs mean median SD obs mean median SD obs mean median SD obs mean median SD
trimethylpentane 235 1.22 0.72 2.29 62 0.83 0.51 0.99 64 0.87 0.53 0.99 19 2.57 1.04 4.50
dimethylpentane 234 0.68 0.35 1.22 62 0.64 0.32 1.04 64 0.54 0.31 0.51 19 2.21 0.95 3.09
2-methylhexane 234 1.15 0.67 2.65 61 1.21 0.59 2.04 64 0.90 0.59 0.88 19 3.98 0.82 7.13
methylpentane 234 2.33 1.58 4.40 61 1.83 1.39 1.57 64 2.34 1.33 2.47 19 7.42 2.56 13.26
3-methylhexane 234 1.46 0.79 3.74 61 1.60 0.68 2.95 64 1.04 0.72 1.08 19 4.91 1.06 8.73
methylcyclohexaneb 235 0.78 0.58 0.81 62 7.80 0.62 50.08 64 0.63 0.36 0.91 19 1.77 0.65 2.97
hexane 64 2.24 1.66 2.07 18 1.53 1.19 0.85 44 3.05 1.59 4.13 15 2.49 1.58 2.35
1,3-butadieneb 235 0.34 0.28 0.47 62 1.26 0.80 1.50 64 0.75 0.60 0.57 19 0.30 0.24 0.28
benzeneb 235 1.56 1.43 0.78 62 2.36 1.84 1.76 64 1.54 1.15 1.26 19 1.14 0.90 0.92
ethylbenzene 235 6.91 0.85 84.36 62 2.74 0.95 11.41 64 1.03 0.71 0.92 19 7.28 2.33 8.87
m,p-xylene 235 24.16 2.79 301.40 62 7.59 3.14 27.03 64 2.85 1.98 2.54 19 23.01 8.50 26.89
o-xylene 235 9.56 1.00 123.53 62 3.22 1.05 14.66 64 0.90 0.64 0.74 19 8.44 2.50 10.71
styreneb 235 8.63 0.55 112.13 62 1.46 0.66 2.39 64 0.74 0.51 0.62 19 0.60 0.49 0.56
toluene 235 5.83 4.53 4.27 62 6.66 4.89 6.99 64 10.54 7.08 11.20 18 5.56 3.78 4.75
toluene/benzene 235 3.7 3.2 n/a 62 2.8 2.7 n/a 64 6.8 6.2 n/a 18 4.9 4.2 n/a
MTBE 235 0.61 0.04 1.36 61 0.51 0.07 0.93 64 0.29 0.04 0.66 19 0.62 0.03 1.65
acetone 234 10.30 7.58 18.97 62 6.92 5.73 7.16 65 9.44 4.93 17.55 17 19.19 12.09 14.98
acetaldehydeb 234 5.63 4.63 4.23 62 8.78 6.07 7.98 65 6.27 4.84 4.27 17 45.00 3.64 100.51
formaldehyde 234 8.30 7.11 5.67 62 9.59 8.16 5.65 65 25.44 18.96 19.03 17 13.72 5.05 16.63
elemental carbonb 223 1.23 1.05 0.87 61 2.00 1.50 1.83 67 1.12 0.94 0.74 15 1.75 1.26 1.14
PM2.5b 207 15.98 13.88 10.22 55 37.83 29.48 29.50 66 13.88 10.87 8.22 15 19.58 18.43 7.97
a

The differences across locations (yard background, driver, loading dock, and mechanic shop) for all concentrations were statistically significant (p < 0.01) using Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric comparison tests.

b

Smoker exposures significantly higher than nonsmokers (p < 0.05) using Wilcoxon rank sum nonparametric comparison tests.