TABLE 5.
Comparison of Mean VOC and Aldehyde Concentrations (μ g/m3)
| Birmingham, U.K.14 |
Mexico25 |
Hong Kong26 |
trucking study
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VOC | bus station | major roads | cars | buses | background | roadside | driversa | yard background |
| 1,3-butadiene | 0.9 (0.7) | 1.8 (0.9) | 7.9 (4.7) | 1.7 (0.9) | 0.5 (0.9) | 0.2 (0.5) | ||
| benzene | 20.0 (16.1) | 49.6 (22.4) | 203.7 (152.3) | 20.2 (7.8) | 2.0 (1.3) | 1.2 (0.9) | ||
| toluene | 47.3 (33.8) | 108.1 (50.3) | 494.0 (283.6) | 69.3 (30.9) | 6.6 (6.0) | 3.7 (3.4) | ||
| ethylbenzene | 3.8 (1.3) | 12.4 (8.6) | 51.9 (30.8) | 8.0 (3.9) | 1.7 (6.5) | 0.6 (0.5) | ||
| o-xylene | 3.5 (1.3) | 13.2 (9.7) | 54.2 (33.6) | 8.6 (4.1) | 2.0 (8.3) | 0.7 (0.6) | ||
| styrene | 0.6 (0.4) | 1.7 (1.5) | 4.3 (3.1) | 0.7 (0.3) | 1.6 (7.1) | 0.3 (0.4) | ||
| toluene/benzene | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.1 | ||
| formaldehyde | 5.5 (2.2) | 4.7 (2.5) | 9.2 (6.7) | 3.3 (1.8) | ||||
| acetaldehyde | 4.3 (2.1) | 2.1 (1.4) | 6.5 (6.0) | 2.4 (2.5) | ||||
a
Sample contains both smokers and nonsmokers.