C57BL/6, MCP-1-/-, MCP-3-/- and CCR2-/- mice were infected intravenously with 3,000 L. monocytogenes. Spleens were removed at (A) day 3 and (B) day 5, and viable bacteria were quantified. Mean numbers of colony forming units (CFU) from groups of 5-10 mice are shown. Error bars represent standard deviation, and this experiment was repeated twice. ** P<0.01 as compared to wild-type controls. Double dagger, number of dead animals/total in the group.