Table 2.

Limitations in the diagnosis of recurrent glomerulonephritides^a

Native kidney disease

unknown in many patients with ESRD

black patients are often labeled to have hypertensive nephrosclerosis

difficulties in determining the cause of native kidney disease when presenting at a late stage

difficulties in differentiating primary versus secondary FSGS

Indication for posttransplantation renal biopsy

lack of unified approach in diagnosing patients with posttransplantation proteinuria, hematuria, and renal dysfunction

non-uniform indications for biopsy: protocol versus clinical renal disease

immunofluorescence and electron microscopic examinations not routinely performed on all transplant biopsies

Diagnosis of posttransplantation GN

lack of histologic features of FSGS in early stage of recurrence

difficulties in differentiating primary versus secondary FSGS

difficulties in differentiating MPGN versus AG

difficulties in differentiating primary versus secondary IgAN

difficulties in differentiating the cause of HUS/TTP: primary versus drug toxicity versus humoral rejection

^aAG, allograft glomerulopathy.