FIGURE 5.
TNFα treatment increases PTP1B mRNA expression in cultured cells via transcriptional transactivation. a, PTP1B mRNA from 14–21-day post-differentiation 3T3-L1 adipocytes incubated with 0.2 nm TNFα for the indicated times is shown. Results are means ± S.E. (n = 2 per condition). b, PTP1B mRNA from HeLa cells incubated with the indicated concentrations of TNFα for 15 h (left) or with 3 nm TNFα for the indicated times (right) is shown. Results are means ± S.E. (n = 3 per condition). *, p ≤ 0.05 and &, p ≤ 0.1 compared with untreated cells by one-way ANOVA. c and d, PTP1B mRNA from 14–21-day post-differentiation 3T3-L1 adipocytes (c) or HeLa cells (d) treated with actinomycin D (aD)(2 μg/ml) or without inhibitor for 1 h before incubation with 1.2 nm TNFα or without cytokine for 4 h. Results are means ± S.E. (n = 6 in c and n = 12 in d, per condition). *, p ≤ 0.05 compared with the corresponding condition without TNFα; and #, p ≤ 0.05 compared with the corresponding condition without actinomycin D by two-way ANOVA. For all experiments, PTP1B mRNA and control 18S rRNA were measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and PTP1B mRNA was normalized to 18S rRNA.