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Tissue Sites of Erythropoietin (EPO) and its Biological Functions
| EPO Production and Expression Sites | Biological Function |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Kidney | Erythropoiesis |
| Liver | Protection and Erythropoiesis |
| Kupfer cells | |
| Hepatocytes | |
| Uterus | Proliferation |
| Brain | |
| Neurons | Neuroprotection |
| Astrocytes | Neuroprotection |
| Microvascular endothelial cells | Protection and proliferation |
| Peripheral Endothelial cells | Angiogenesis and migration |
| Muscle cells | Proliferation |
| Skeletal | |
| Smooth | |
| Cardiac | |
