Among stage 4 CKD patients, univariate analysis of percentage compliance with KDOQI recommended monitoring of laboratory results and recommended medication use of each race (* represents P value <0.05 for Black race compared with White race). For monitoring of calcium, phosphorous, albumin, and PTH, target was considered achieved if at least four tests were ordered during a 12-mo period, as per the Methods section. Other targets were set at annual intervals (for labs) or active prescription (for medications). Data shown for ferritin and iron saturation are limited to patients with hemoglobin ≤11 g/dl.