Table 1.
Patients' clinical characteristics
| Index Patients (n = 95)a | Familial Cases(n = 78; 82%) | Sporadic Cases(n = 17; 18%) |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with VUR and RN (n = 57; 60%) | 43 (75%) | 14 (25%) |
| Patients with VUR and no RN (n = 38; 40%) | 35 (92%) | 3 (8%) |
| Patients with isolated VUR (n = 78; 82%) | 66 (85%) | 12 (15%) |
| Patients with VUR and additional abnormalities (n = 17; 18%) | 12 (71%) | 5 (29%) |
| duplex collecting system (n = 9) | 6 | 3 |
| renal agenesis (n = 2) | 2 | 0 |
| ureterocele (n = 2) | 1 | 1 |
| renal crossed ectopy (n = 1) | 1 | 0 |
| multicystic kidney (n = 1) | 0 | 1 |
| UPJO (n = 1) | 1 | 0 |
| hypospadias (n = 1) | 1 | 0 |
a
Phenotype of family members is not included.