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. 2008 May 19;14:906–921.

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Transverse sections of specimens demonstrating severe eye defects following Psf2MO-mediated knockdown. Dorsal is toward the top in each figure. A: Image montage of a typical specimen shows the Psf2 morpholino-injected side on the left and the internal control, uninjected side on the right. This image was viewed with differential interference contrast (DIC). The red color in A shows overlain distribution of rhodamine fluorescence of secondary antibodies revealing immunoreactive lens crystallin proteins within both lenses. The cornea epithelium overlying the eye on the left is thicker compared to the uninjected side on the right, characteristic of undifferentiated embryonic ectoderm. Note that the lens and retina of the morpholino-affected eye are smaller and not as fully differentiated. The forebrain is also smaller and less differentiated on the left, Psf2MO-injected side. B and C are the higher magnification views of the left and right eyes shown in A, respectively. D-E: The left and right sides of the head of a second case stained with Hematoxylin/Eosin are shown. F and G are higher magnification views of the eyes shown in D and E, respectively. Note that the forebrain and retina are malformed on the left, Psf2MO-injected side shown in D and F compared to the control side shown in E and G. On the Psf2MO-injected side (D, F), only a small lens vesicle possessing a central lumen has formed. This lens vesicle exhibits some polarization and evidence of elongating primary fiber cells. Also note the retarded differentiation of the cornea in D and F compared to the respective control cornea shown in E and G. H-I: More posterior sections show the reduction in hindbrain size and the absence of the otic vesicle on the Psf2MO-injected side (H) compared to the normal pattern of development seen on the control, uninjected side (I). cn, cornea epithelium; fb, forebrain; fg, foregut; hb, hindbrain; le, lens epithelium; lf, lens fiber cells; ln, lens; lv, lens vesicle; on, optic nerve; ov, otic vesicle; rpe, retinal pigmented epithelium; rt, neural retina. The scale bar in I is equal to 160 µm in A-B, 85 µm in B-C, 170 µm in D-E, 100 µm in F-G, and 190 µm in H-I.