Table 3.

Interventions for the prevention and treatment of ICU delirium

Intervention	Effecta	Supporting evidenceb
Nonpharmacologic
Multicomponent strategy	Prevention	Non-ICU clinical trials [56,58]
Geriatrics consultation	Prevention	Non-ICU clinical trials [57]
Reduced benzodiazepine use	Prevention	Prospective ICU cohort studies [40]
Pharmacologic
Haloperidol	Both	Placebo-controlled, randomized, non-ICU trial [62]
Olanzapine	Treatment	Non-randomized ICU trial [63]
Adequate analgesia	Prevention	Prospective non-ICU cohort studies [45]
Dexmedetomidine	Prevention	Randomized ICU trials [68,69]

^aAlthough each intervention may have a role in both the prevention and treatment of intensive care unit (ICU) delirium, most have only been studied in one role or the other. ^bReferences highlight prototypical studies and do not represent an exhaustive review of the literature.