Absorption changes (ΔA) of R. sphaeroides chromatophores after excitation with a series of saturating flashes (1 s apart) in a pH buffer-free chromatophore suspension. (A) QB− oscillations as traced at 450–480 nm. Arrows indicate light flashes. (A Insert) Expansion of the absorption changes after the second light flash on the time scale of microseconds. (B) Transients of the transmembrane voltage after the first and second flashes in the absence and in the presence of 100 nM stigmatellin (measured by electrochromic absorption transients at 524 nm). (C) pH indicating absorption changes at 578 nm of BCP with and without pH buffer. (D) Difference voltage traces (+/− stigmatellin). (E) Difference pH transients (+/− pH buffer). The suspending medium contained 300 mM KCl, 2 mM potassium ferrocyanide/ferricyanide, 2 mM KCN, 50 μM dimethylferrocene, 20 μM methylene blue, 3 μM myxothiazol, 5 μM antimycin A, and 1 μM oligomycin (pH 6.2; Eh ≈ 300 mV; 20°C).