Table 4.

Relation of AChEi-relevant exposures to illness in GWV

Outcome*	Analysis†	Comparison type‡	Exposure§	Result	95% C.I.	Significance
No. general health symptoms	Negative binomial regression	Ratio of mean no. symptoms (with exposure/without)	PB pills	1.4	1.2–1.5	P < 0.001
			Pesticides	1.3	1.2–1.5	P < 0.001
			Chemical weapons	1.3	1.2–1.5	P < 0.001
Functional impairment in the last 2 weeks	Logistic regression	Odds ratio	PB	1.8	1.2–2.6	P = 0.004
			Pesticides	1.5	1.1–2.0	P = 0.013
			Chemical weapons	2.3	1.6–3.4	P < 001.0
SF-12 PCS	Linear regression	Difference in mean	PB	−2.5	−3.8, −1.2	P < 0.001
			Pesticides	−3.4	−4.6, −2.3	P < 0.001
			Chemical weapons	−3.7	−5.3, −2.1	P < 0.001
SF-12 MCS	Linear regression	Difference in mean	PB	−2.0	−3.6, −1.4	P = 0.012
			Pesticides	−3.4	−4.8, −2.1	P < 0.001
			Chemical weapons	−4.3	−6.2, −2.3	P < 0.001

See Australian GWV study (15).

*Measured outcomes are distinct from ″Gulf War illness″ definitions but may be expected to be elevated in the setting of Gulf War illness.

^†Adjustments: service type, rank, age (<20, 20–24, 25–34, >35 years), education, and marital status.

^‡Compares exposed group vs nonexposed. Ratio of mean = exposed/unexposed. OR = exposed/unexposed. Difference = exposed − unexposed. For SF-12 PCS and MCS, lower scores are worse.

^§Exposures defined as: PB pills (any vs none); pesticides/insecticides; and chemical weapons area.