Table 2.
Comparison of Patients with and without Steatosis (>5%)
| Steatosis
|
P Value§§ | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Factor | <5% | >5% | |
| Demographics | |||
| Number of patients | 171 | 53 | |
| Age* | 45 (0.61) | 45 (1.1) | NS |
| Sex (% male) | 77 | 70 | NS |
| Duration of infection (years) | 18.5 (0.95) | 22.63 (0.75) | 0.036 |
| Weight (kg) | 73 (1.8) | 76 (3.2) | 0.35 |
| Body mass index | 25.66 (0.41) | 28.51 (0.75) | 0.001 |
| Body mass index ≥30 (%) | 16 | 28 | 0.03 |
| Waist/hip ratio† | 0.89 (0.01) | 0.91 (0.02) | NS |
| Body fat (%; skin fold/bioimpedence)† | 27/31 | 25/29 | NS |
| Clinical factors | |||
| On antiretroviral therapy (%) | 88 | 77 | 0.048 |
| NRTI use (%) | 87 | 77 | 0.08 |
| Didanosine/stavudine use (%) | 10/25 | 15/30 | NS |
| NNRTI use (%) | 30 | 37 | NS |
| PI use (%) | 51 | 33 | 0.034 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 9 | 19 | 0.04 |
| Hypertension (%) | 11 | 20 | 0.09 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 8 | 9 | NS |
| Metabolic syndrome (%) | 6 | 17 | 0.01 |
| Alcohol use (%) | 18 | 24 | 0.36 |
| Laboratory | |||
| CD4 (cells/mL) | 514 (26) | 598 (47) | 0.12 |
| CD4% | 24 (0.89) | 25 (1.6) | NS |
| CD8 (cells/mL) | 940 (45) | 994 (81) | NS |
| CD8% | 44 (1.1) | 41 (1.9) | 0.24 |
| CD4 <200 (%) | 12 | 15 | 0.22 |
| HIV RNA <400 copies/mL (%) | 43 | 47 | 0.024 |
| HCV genotype 3 (%) | 2 | 14 | 0.0035 |
| AST (U/L) | 86 (6) | 106 (11) | 0.13 |
| ALT (U/L) | 82 (5) | 107 (9) | 0.025 |
| ALP (U/L) | 130 (8) | 141 (10) | 0.39 |
| Normal ALT (%) | 41 | 26 | 0.13 |
| Platelet ×1000 | 208 (6) | 193 (10) | 0.19 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL)‡ | 165 (10) | 179 (18) | NS |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL)‡ | 169 (3) | 164 (6) | 0.44 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)‡ | 45 (1.6) | 42 (2.8) | 0.29 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)‡ | 90 (3.4) | 86 (5.7) | NS |
| HOMA-IR§ | 1.85 (0.39) | 3.6 (0.65) | 0.024 |
| Histology | |||
| Ishak score (total) | 8.11 (0.28) | 9.0 (.52) | 0.13 |
| Ishak inflammation | 6.2 (0.21) | 6.3 (0.38) | NS |
| Ishak fibrosis | 1.91 (.11) | 2.64 (0.21) | 0.0034 |
| Advanced fibrosis (%) | 28 | 62 | <0.0001 |
| Cytologic ballooning (yes/no) | 18 | 68 | <0.0001 |
| Pericellular fibrosis (yes/no) | 10 | 25 | <0.0059 |
| Mallory’s hyaline (%) | 4 | 25 | <0.0001 |
| Steatohepatitis (yes/no) | 6 | 54 | <0.0001 |
Abbreviation: NS, not significant.
*
Mean (standard error of the mean).
†
Data available in 70 patients.
‡
Data available in 160 patients.
§
Data available in 68 patients.
§§
For univariate analysis.