Table 3.
Comparison of Patients with and without Steatohepatitis
| Steatohepatitis
|
P Value§§ | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Factor | No | Yes | |
| Demographics | |||
| Number of patients | 179 | 37 | |
| Age* | 44(0.59) | 45(1.3) | NS |
| Sex (% male) | 87 | 74 | 0.025 |
| Duration of infection (years) | 18(0.93) | 24(1.8) | 0.0053 |
| Weight (kg) | 75(1.7) | 67(3.9) | 0.07 |
| Body mass index | 26.01(0.41) | 27.6(0.97) | 0.12 |
| Body mass index ≥30 (%) | 16 | 22 | 0.31 |
| Waist/hip ratio† | 0.90(0.01) | 0.91 (0.02) | NS |
| Body fat (%) (skin fold/bioimpedence)† | 28/25 | 33/32 | 0.12 |
| Clinical factors | |||
| On antiretroviral therapy (%) | 88 | 72 | 0.01 |
| NRTI use (%) | 88 | 70 | 0.005 |
| Didanosine/stavudine use (%) | 12/15 | 33/14 | 0.008/NS |
| NNRTI use (%) | 34 | 14 | 0.0048 |
| PI use (%) | 20 | 12 | 0.12 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 15 | 29 | 0.09 |
| Hypertension (%) | 17 | 17 | NS |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 17 | 16 | NS |
| Metabolic syndrome (%) | 16 | 25 | 0.32 |
| Alcohol use (%) | 16 | 19 | 0.65 |
| Laboratory | |||
| CD4 (cells/mL) | 529 (28) | 572 (56) | 0.48 |
| CD4% | 24.6 (0.85) | 24.5 (1.8) | NS |
| CD8 (cells/mL) | 917 (44) | 1165 (93) | 0.018 |
| CD8% | 43.7 (1.03) | 44.4 (2.2) | NS |
| CD4 <200 (%) | 14 | 5 | 0.16 |
| HIV RNA <400 copies/mL (%) | 14 | 18 | NS |
| HCV genotype 3 (%) | 2 | 10 | 0.05 |
| AST (U/L) | 85 (6) | 124 (13) | 0.0054 |
| ALT (U/L) | 83 (5) | 108 (11) | 0.047 |
| ALP (U/L) | 129 (0.83) | 154 (.08) | 0.08 |
| Normal ALT (%) | 41 | 27 | 0.19 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.79 (0.06) | 1.2 (.015) | 0.012 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 3.9 (0.03) | 3.8 (0.07) | 0.12 |
| Platelet ×1000 | 207 (5) | 192 (12) | 0.28 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL)‡ | 169 (10) | 179 (23) | NS |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL)‡ | 171 (3.2 | 155 (7.3) | 0.048 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)‡ | 46 (1.6) | 38 (3.5) | 0.035 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)‡ | 91 (3) | 81 (7) | 0.21 |
| HOMA-IR§ | 2.04 (0.42) | 3.28 (0.69) | 0.13 |
| Histology | |||
| Ishak score (total) | 7.9 (0.24) | 11.44 (.055) | <0.0001 |
| Ishak inflammation | 6.04 (0.18) | 8.22 (0.41) | <0.0001 |
| Ishak fibrosis | 1.87 (0.11) | 3.16 (0.24) | <0.0001 |
| Advanced fibrosis (%) | 15 | 40 | 0.0003 |
| Steatosis (>5%; yes/no) | 6 | 64 | <0.0001 |
| Cytologic ballooning (yes/no) | 1 | 53 | <0.0001 |
| Pericellular fibrosis (yes/no) | 10 | 30 | 0.0001 |
| Mallory’s hyaline (%) | 4 | 33 | <0.0001 |
Abbreviation: NS, not significant.
*
Mean (standard error of the mean).
†
Data available in 70 patients.
‡
Data available in 160 patients.
§
Data available in 68 patients.
§§
For univariate analysis.