Table 5. Relative risks (RR) of incident gastric cancer by category of salted food intake at baseline in women: JPHC Study, 1990–2001.
|
Category of intake |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not daily | 1 cup day−1 | 2 cups day−1 | 3+ cups day−1 | P for trend | |
| Miso soup | |||||
| Multivariate RRa | 1 | 1.15 | 0.82 | 1.11 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.66–2.01 | 0.49–1.38 | 0.67–1.84 | 0.65 |
| Multivariate RRb | 1 | 1.15 | 0.79 | 0.85 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.64–2.09 | 0.40–1.55 | 0.39–1.87 | 0.63 |
| Multivariate RRc | 1 | 1.11 | 0.76 | 1.05 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.64–1.94 | 0.45–1.29 | 0.62–1.79 | 0.52 |
| Almost none | 1–2 days week−1 | 3–4 days week−1 | Almost everyday | ||
| Pickled vegetables (e.g. shiozuke, nuka-misozuke) | |||||
| Multivariate RRa | 1 | 1.01 | 2.2 | 1.74 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.44–2.31 | 1.05–4.58 | 0.89–3.41 | 0.05 |
| Multivariate RRb | 1 | 1.08 | 2.52 | 2.01 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.47–2.47 | 1.18–5.37 | 0.97–4.17 | 0.03 |
| Multivariate RRc | 1 | 0.92 | 1.77 | 1.32 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.39–2.13 | 0.78–3.99 | 0.60–2.91 | 0.46 |
| Salted fish roe (e.g. tarako, suziko, ikura) | |||||
| Multivariate RRa | 1 | 1.49 | 1.58 | 3.5 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.98–2.28 | 0.91–2.76 | 1.62–7.56 | 0.003 |
| Multivariate RRb | 1 | 1.59 | 1.63 | 3.37 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 1.02–2.47 | 0.90–2.96 | 1.48–7.66 | 0.006 |
| Multivariate RRc | 1 | 1.26 | 1.26 | 2.67 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.79–2.00 | 0.68–2.32 | 1.18–6.07 | 0.07 |
| Salted fish preserves (e.g. shiokara, neri-uni) | |||||
| Multivariate RRa | 1 | 0.95 | 2.6 | 2.56 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.62–1.45 | 1.44–4.69 | 0.63–10.5 | 0.03 |
| Multivariate RRb | 1 | 0.94 | 2.43 | 2.29 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.60–1.46 | 1.29–4.55 | 0.55–9.59 | 0.06 |
| Multivariate RRc | 1 | 0.83 | 2.18 | 2.18 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.54–1.27 | 1.19–3.98 | 0.53–8.98 | 0.14 |
| Dried or salted fish (e.g. mezashi, shio-sake) | |||||
| Multivariate RRa | 1 | 1.43 | 1.66 | 1.22 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.81–2.52 | 0.92–3.03 | 0.53–2.82 | 0.31 |
| Multivariate RRb | 1 | 1.48 | 1.68 | 1.17 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.82–2.65 | 0.89–3.16 | 0.49–2.80 | 0.44 |
| Multivariate RRc | 1 | 1.05 | 1.17 | 0.89 | |
| 95% CI | Reference | 0.54–2.05 | 0.58–2.37 | 0.35–2.22 | 0.98 |
a
Adjusted for age in 1990 (40–44, 45–49, 50–54, 55–59 years), cigarette smoking (never, past, current) and fruit and non-green–yellow vegetable intake (almost none, 1–2 days week−1, 3–4 days week−1, almost everyday).
b
Further adjusted by quartile categories of salt intake.
c
Further stratified by PHC area.
CI=confidence interval.