Table 4.
Factors associated with young adult's participation in the medical examination at time 2
| Examined (N = 727)b |
Not examined (N = 126)b |
Adjusted for group OR (95% CI) |
Multivariable modelc OR (95% CI) |
|
| Had medical examination at time 1d | 420 (93.5) | 65 (84.4) | 2.8 (1.3–5.7) ** | --d |
| Mother participated at follow-up | 683 (93.9) | 90 (71.4) | 6.4 (3.9–10.5) *** | 6.1 (3.7–10.2) *** |
| Background characteristics at follow-upa | ||||
| Group status | ||||
| Evacuee | 220 (30.3) | 45 (35.7) | -- | --c |
| Classmate control | 229 (31.5) | 32 (25.4) | -- | --c |
| Population control | 278 (38.2) | 49 (38.9) | -- | --c |
| Female | 389 (53.5) | 52 (41.3) | 1.9 (1.1–3.1) * | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) |
| In utero at time of accident | 235 (32.3) | 46 (36.5) | 0.8 (0.6–1.3) | --c |
| Standard of living, mean ± SDe | 5.6 ± 1.4 | 5.9 ± 1.4 | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) * | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) |
| Either parent graduated from university | 277 (40.6) | 30 (33.3) | 1.3 (0.8–2.2) | --c |
| Young adult attends university | 473 (65.1) | 78 (61.9) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | --c |
| Self-reported physical health at time 2a | ||||
| No medical checkup in past year | 491 (67.8) | 91 (72.2) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | --c |
| ≥ 2 colds in past year | 429 (59.0) | 72 (57.1) | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | --c |
| Illness worry, mean ± SDe | 2.3 ± 1.9 | 1.9 ± 1.8 | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) * | --c |
| CSI, mean ± SDe | 14.1 ± 11.0 | 10.8 ± 10.1 | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) ** | --c |
| Days out of role, health-related impairment | 153 (21.0) | 16 (12.7) | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) * | --c |
| Headache-related impairment | ||||
| None | 417 (57.4) | 91 (72.2) | 1.0 | --c |
| < 1 month | 235 (32.3) | 30 (23.8) | 1.7 (1.1–2.7) * | --c |
| ≥ 1 month | 75 (10.3) | 5 (4.0) | 3.4 (1.4–8.8) * | --c |
| linear trend | χ2 (1) = 6.7 ** | |||
| Self-reported mental health at time 2a | ||||
| MDD/GAD (CIDI diagnosis) | 118 (16.2) | 9 (7.1) | 2.5 (1.2–5.1) * | 2.0 (1.0–4.2) |
| Young adults' risk perceptions at time 2a | ||||
| Diagnosed with a Chornobyl-related illness | 166 (22.8) | 18 (14.3) | 1.9 (1.1–3.2) * | --c |
| Health perceived as very affected by Chornobyl | 110 (15.1) | 10 (7.9) | 2.2 (1.1–4.4) * | --c |
| Discuss consequences of disaster often | 92 (12.7) | 4 (3.2) | 4.6 (1.7–12.9) ** | 4.1 (1.4–11.7) ** |
| Distrust of authorities, mean ± SDe | 3.0 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) ** | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) * |
a All variables are derived from the young adult's self-reports with the exception of parental education. No interactions between these variables and group status were found to be statistically significant.
b Values are numbers (percentage, calculated from total column) except when noted.
c The final multivariable model was obtained following a stepwise backwards likelihood-ratio elimination procedure.
d This predictor is only applicable to the original cohort assessed in 1997 (N = 265 evacuees; N = 261 classmate controls) and thus was excluded from the multivariable model in order to retain the data from the population control group.
e Continuous variables were standardized in logistic regression models so that the ORs may be interpreted as the odds of participation for a one standard deviation increase in the predictor.
* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001